Nervous System I Flashcards

0
Q

I. Nerve Tissue (parts)

A

A. Cell types
B. Neuronal Morphology
C. Glial Properties

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1
Q

Nervous Systems I

A

I. Nerve Tissue

II. Nervous System Organization

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2
Q

I. Nerve Tissue

A. Cell Types

A
  1. Neurons: >10^11 (generate electrical signaling) in primates
  2. Glia: 2*10x to the number of primates
    - provide insulation and nutrients
    - affect neuronal signaling
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3
Q

Neurons

A

> 10^11
generate electrical signaling
in primates

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4
Q

Glia

A

2*10x the number of primates

  • provide insulation & nutrients
  • affect neuronal signaling
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5
Q

I. Nerve Tissue

B. Neuronal Morphology (parts)

A
  1. General Diagram
    - synapse, axon, presynaptic terminal, nucleus soma, dendrites (receives input from synapses)
  2. Structural Diversity
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6
Q

I. Nerve Tissue

C. Glial properties (parts)

A
  1. Pervasiveness

2. Glial Types

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7
Q

Glial Types:

A

-Astrocytes, oligodendrocyte, microglia, schwann cells, ependymal cells, ventricle glia

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8
Q

II. Nervous System Organization (parts)

A
A. Invertebrates
B. Vertebrates
C. Functional Hierarchy
D. Brain Structure
E. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Hierarchy
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9
Q

II. Nervous System Organization

A. Invertebrates

A

Figure 38.2 Nervous System Organization

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10
Q

II. Nervous System Organization

B. Vertebrates (parts)

A
  1. Central Nervous System (CNS)

2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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11
Q

Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

brain & spinal cord

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12
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Autonomic Nervous System and projection nerves (cranial, spinal)

Figure 38.4 the vertebrate nervous system

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13
Q

II. Nervous System Organization

C. Functional Hierarchy

A

(overview of information processing)

Figure 37.4 Summary of Information Processing

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14
Q

II. Nervous System Organization

D. Brain Structure

A

-white matter: axons wrapped in myelin (white)
-gray matter: cell bodies & synapses (connections), & dendrites
➡️sites for information processing

Figure: Brain structure- ventricle, gray matter, & white matter

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15
Q

white matter

A

axons wrapped in myelin (white)

16
Q

gray matter

A

cell bodies & synapses (connections), & dendrites

-> sites for information processing

17
Q

II. Nervous System Organization

E. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Hierarchy (parts)

A
  1. Input: sensory
  2. Output: motor
  3. Autonomic Nervous Systems
18
Q

II. Nervous System Organization
E. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Hierarchy
1. Input: Sensory

A

-afferent neurons

bring sensory information to CNS

19
Q

II. Nervous System Organization
E. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Hierarchy
2. Output: Motor

A

-efferent neurons; deliver output to effectors

20
Q

afferent vs efferent neurons

A

afferent - bring sensory info to CNS

efferent - deliver output to effectors

21
Q

II. Nervous System Organization
E. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Hierarchy
3. Autonomic “involuntary” output (definition & parts)

A
  • controls internal organs
    a) parasympathetic
    b) sympathetic
    c) enteric

Figure 38.5 Functional Hierarchy of the Vertebrate Peripheral Nervous System

Figure Parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous

22
Q

sympathetic

A

often opposes parasympathetic,

i.e. speeds up vs slows down heart rate

23
Q

enteric

A

(“internal”)

neurons in digestive tract - digestive etc food