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VCE Psychology Unit 3&4 > Nervous System And Neurons > Flashcards

Nervous System And Neurons Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 2 components of the nervous system

A

Central nervous system and Peripheral nervous system

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2
Q

What does the Central nervous system consist of

A

Brain and Spinal cord

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3
Q

What are the 2 components of the peripheral nervous system

A

Somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

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4
Q

What components branch off of the autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic NS and Parasympathetic NS

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5
Q

What is the role of the central nervous system

A
  1. Receive and process sensory information

2. Initiate a response

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6
Q

What is the role of the brain?

A

Regulates, receives and responds

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7
Q

What is the role of the spinal cord?

A
  1. Coordinates reflexes
  2. Communication between the brain and peripheral nervous system.
  3. Sends sensory info to the brain and sends motor info to the body
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8
Q

What is the role of the somatic nervous system

A
  1. Controls skeletal muscles
  2. Controls sensory (Afferent) info
  3. Carries motor (efferent) info
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9
Q

What is the role of the peripheral nervous system?

A

Links central nervous system to other parts of the body

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10
Q

What is the role of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Create automatic/self regulatory reactions to stimuli

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11
Q

What is the role of the sympathetic NS?

A

Readies the body for danger

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12
Q

What is the role of the parasympathetic NS?

A

To calm the body and maintain homeostasis

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13
Q

What are 3 main components of a conscious response to a stimuli?

A
  • awareness
  • attention
  • voluntary
  • purposeful
  • complex
  • brain
  • can be learnt and controlled
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14
Q

What are 3 main components of an unconscious response to a stimuli?

A
  • no awareness
  • no attention
  • involuntary
  • reflexive/automatic
  • don’t require learning
  • spinal cord
  • lack of control
  • occur similarly each time
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15
Q

What are the 3 types of neurons?

A

AFFERENT
EFFERENT
Interneuron

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16
Q

What is the role of an AFFERENT neuron?

A

Respond to sensory receptors and carry the message to the CNS

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17
Q

What is the role of EFFERENT neurons?

A

Transmit info from the CNS along motor pathways to enable specific muscles

18
Q

What is the role of the interneuron?

A

Connects efferent and afferent neurons at the brain

19
Q

What is one advantage of a spinal reflex?

A
  • quicker response time

- less damage

20
Q

What is the role of a neuron?

A

To transmit neural info between neurons

21
Q

What is the role of a dendrite?

A

Receive info from other neurons

22
Q

What is the role of an axon?

A

Carries action potential

23
Q

What is the role of a myelin

A

Helps with transmission of nerve impulses

24
Q

What is the role of the axon terminal?

A

Release NT’s at the end of an axon

25
Q

What are the 6 key components of a neuron?

A 
Cell body (soma) 
Dendrites
Axon
Myelin sheath
Terminal buttons 
Dendrites
26
Q

What is the key in the lock and key process

A

Neurotransmitters

27
Q

What is the lock in the lock and key process

A

Receptor sites

28
Q

What is the lock and key process

A

To bind neurotransmitters to a receptor site in order to cause the post synaptic neuron to fire

29
Q

What are the 4 steps in the lock and key process?

A
  1. Pre synaptic neuron releases axon potential through the axon
  2. NT’s are released by terminal buttons into the synaptic gap
  3. NT’s bind with receptor sites in post synaptic neuron
  4. Post synaptic neuron is more likely to fire
30
Q

What is the role of an excitatory neurotransmitter?

A

Stimulates the post synaptic neuron making it more likely to fire

31
Q

What is the role of an inhibitory NT?

A

Makes the post synaptic neuron less likely to fire

32
Q

What is an example of an inhibitory NT?

A

GABA

Dopamine

33
Q

What is an example of an excitatory neurotransmitter?

A

Glutamate

34
Q

What is Parkinson’s disease?

A

A CNS neurodegenerative disorder

35
Q

What does Parkinson’s disease cause?

A

Lack of dopamine producing neurons.

36
Q

Which part of the brain does Parkinson’s disease impact?

A

The substantia nigra

37
Q

What are 3 symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?

A 
Tremors 
Muscle rigidity
Postural instability
Loss of sense of smell
Impaired cognitive functions
38
Q

Are there Parkinson’s treatments?

A

Levodopa and dopamine agonists

39
Q

What can occur from an abnormal level of dopamine

A

parkinson’s disease

40
Q

What can occur due to abnormal levels of GABA

A

Anxiety

41
Q

What can occur due to abnormal levels of glutamate

A

Lack of concentration

Mental exhaustion

VCE Psychology Unit 3&4 (8 decks)

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