Mental Health

Question 1

What occurs during pre-contemplation?

Answer 1

• lack of motivation for change
• dismissal of concerns from others about unhealthy behaviour
• belief that they are unable to change their behavior

Question 2

What is Mental Health?

Answer 2

A state of emotional and social well being where individuals can cope with normal stressors of life.

Question 3

What are the ABC’s of mental health?

Answer 3

Affective
Behavioural
Cognition

Question 4

What is a mental health problem?

Answer 4

A disruption of an individuals usual levels of well being

Question 5

What is a mental illness?

Answer 5

A psychological state which is severe enough to require psychiatric intervention

Question 6

What are the three D’s of mental disorders?

Answer 6

Deviant
Distressing
Dysfunction

Question 7

What is deviance (mental disorders)?

Answer 7

A persons ABC’s are atypical for an individual or differ from social norms

Question 8

What does distress mean in mental disorders?

Answer 8

ABC’ are unpleasant or upsetting for an individual and/or their peers.

Question 9

What is dysfunction in regards to mental disorders?

Answer 9

ABC’s interfere with an individuals ability to carry out regular daily activities effectively.

Question 10

Define stress

Answer 10

A stressor is perceived by an individual as exceeding their ability to cope.

Question 11

What is anxiety?

Answer 11

A state of physiological arousal associated with feelings of apprehension, worry or uneasiness.

Question 12

What is a phobia?

Answer 12

A persistent, intense, irrational fear of a specific object or event.
(remember piif)

Question 13

What is involved in high levels of functioning?

Answer 13

The ability to approach day-to-day tasks independently and with the capacity to meet demands in the environment

Question 14

What are the 3 characteristics of a mentally healthy person?

Answer 14

High levels of functioning
Social and Emotional Wellbeing
Resilience to life stressors

Question 15

What is social wellbeing?

Answer 15

A sense of belonging to a community

Question 16

What is emotional wellbeing?

Answer 16

The ability to control and express emotions in a positive way and understand emotions of others.

Question 17

What is resilience?

Answer 17

The ability to bounce back or recover from stress, or to adapt to social circumstances.

Question 18

What is the placebo effect?

Answer 18

when participants believe they have been given a treatment and respond to match those expectations.

Question 19

What is the experimenter effect?

Answer 19

A change in participant behaviour due to an experimenters treatment/influence.

Question 20

What are the four P’s?

Answer 20

Predisposing
Precipitating
Perpetuating
Protective

Question 21

What is a predisposing factor?

Answer 21

A factor which led to a problem starting

e.g. genetic vulnerability

Question 22

What is a precipitating factor?

Answer 22

A factor which triggers the onset of mental health problems

e.g. poor sleep, stress

Question 23

What is a perpetuating factor?

Answer 23

Maintains the presence or occurrence of a mental health problem
(e.g. avoidance)

Question 24

What is a protective factor?

Answer 24

A persons strengths which prevents the occurrence of a problem
(e.g. diet, relaxation, resilience)

Question 25

What is systematic desensitisation?

Answer 25

a treatment for phobias in which the patient is exposed to progressively more anxiety-provoking stimuli and taught relaxation techniques

Question 26

What are the 3 steps of systematic desensitization?

Answer 26

1. Therapist teaches client a relaxation technique
2. Therapist helps the client build a hierarchy of stimuli from least to most fear-inducing
3. Each event in the hierarchy is systematically paired with a relaxation technique, and the client works through this one step at a time until a phobia is extinguished.

Question 27

What is the purpose of the transtheoretical model of behaviour change?

Answer 27

To assess how ready an individual is to take the steps toward making a change for healthier behaviours

and/or

Describes the steps an individual takes to make a behaviour change

Question 28

What are the 5 steps of the transtheoretical model behaviour change

Answer 28

1. Pre-contemplation
2. Contemplation
3. Preparation
4. Action
5. Maintenance
   Relapse

Question 29

What occurs during contemplation?

Answer 29

• awareness that behaviour is problematic
• actively thinking of taking steps toward behaviour change (in the next 6 months)
• strategies: making pros and cons list to encourage behaviour change

Question 30

What occurs during preparation?

Answer 30

• may have high motivation for change, but low confidence for success
• taking steps toward behaviour change in the next 30 days

Question 31

What occurs during action?

Answer 31

• active steps have been taken towards the behaviour change
• high motivation
• social support is common at this stage

Question 32

What occurs during maintenance?

Answer 32

• the behaviour change has been consistent for at least 6 months
• individual is taking measures to avoid relapses
• strategy: minimise or avoid exposure to stimuli which may cause relapse

Question 33

What occurs during relapse?

Answer 33

• temporary step back to a previous stage

Question 34

What is an example of mental health maintenance?

Answer 34

• adequate diet (helps sleep and mood)
• adequate sleep (restores physical and mental health)
• cognitive behavioural strategies (CBT)
• social support (empathy/care provided)