Nervous System

Question 1

What is an Interneuron?

Answer 1

A neuron that sends messages within the brain.

Question 2

What are Motor Neurons?

Answer 2

A neuron that sends messages from the brain to muscles.

Question 3

What are Sensory Neurons?

Answer 3

A neuron that sends messages from sensory systems to the brain to be processed.

Question 4

Label:

Answer 4

Question 5

What is the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

Answer 5

• It consists of the brain & spinal cord
• Is responsible for coordinating all incoming and outgoing info.

Question 6

What is the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

Answer 6

• The PNS consists of the nerves that carry info between all areas of the body and the CNS.
• It has two divisions

Question 7

What are the two PNS divisions:

Answer 7

Somatic and Autonomic

Question 8

What is Somatic nerve control?

Answer 8

• Skeletal muscles, bones and skin and relays information
• Other nerves control the movement of muscles in response to the brain signal
• This is the portion where we have some measure of awareness and voluntary control
• Sense changes from environment (ex. heat)

Question 9

What is Autonomic nerve control?

Answer 9

• Consist of nerves that control the internal organs of the body. (Ex. churning of the stomach)
• We are no aware of these occurrences
• Maintained by the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems which balance eachother like on and off switches.

Question 10

What is the sympathetic system?

Answer 10

• Regulated Autonomic
• Dominant in large stress situations, excitement and physical activities.
• Increases heart rate, blood pressure and dilates pupils.

Question 11

What is the Parasympathetic system?

Answer 11

• Regulated Autonomic
• Dominant in low-stress situations
• Effects to reduce the sympathetic’s effects and maintain a calm state.

Question 12

What is the Synapse?

Give an explanation.

Answer 12

The area between neurons that bridge the transmission of neurotransmitters.

Ex. Acetylcholine is a common neurotransmitter cause to depolarization of a neuron. The message travels down the axon like a wave and travels across the synapse and binds to the dendrites of another neuron. Once the message no longer wants to be sent cholinesterase breaks down the acetylcholine, therefore, the neuron turns to it’s resting state.

Question 13

What is a neurotransmitter?

Answer 13

It causes the depolarization of a neuron so messages can be sent.

Question 14

What is Botulism?

Answer 14

Toxins that interfere with the action of neurotransmitters.

Question 15

What is the Reflex Arc?

Answer 15

• Receptor
• Sensory neuron
• Interneuron in the spinal cord
• Motor neuron
• The effector