Cellular Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

What types of molecules can be broken down?

A

Any food (organic) molecules, or nutrients, including carbohydrates, fats/lipids, and proteins can be processed and broken down as a source of energy to produce ATP.

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2
Q

Energy Review.

  1. Energy storing molecules:
  2. Properties of ATP:
A
  1. ATP(adenosine triphosphate), NADPH(Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide), NADH(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
  2. ATP supplies most of the energy that drives metabolism in living things, ATP releases energy when converted into ADP by breaking high energy phosphoanhydride bonds.
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3
Q

What will the ATP be used for?

A

ATP will release energy for cellular metabolic processes.

  • For Example:
    1. Active transport of molecules across the cell membrane.
    2. Protein synthesis
    3. Muscle contractions
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4
Q

Cellular Respiration Overview

A

Living things get most of the energy they need from glucose.

  • Autotrophs make glucose using photosynthesis
  • Heterotrophs get glucose from the food they eat

Cellular Respiration: The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.

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5
Q

Cellular Respiration Equation:

A

6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

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6
Q

What are the 3 stages of Cellular Respiration?

What is the main energy product?

A
  1. Glycolysis
  2. Kreb’s Cycle
  3. Electron Transport Chain

ATP is the main energy produce

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7
Q

Where does Glycolysis occur?

A

The cytoplasm of the cell

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8
Q

Label:

A
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9
Q

What does the mitochondria have to do with the process of cellular respiration?

A
  • The mitochondria is the organelle where the final stages of cellular respiration occurs.
    • Kreb’s cycle
    • Electron Transport Chain
  • Cells that use a lot of energy have high numbers of mitochondria.
    • Example: Muscle cells in the heart!!
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10
Q

Where does the Kreb cycle occur?

A

It occurs in the Matrix of the mitochondria.

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11
Q

Summary of what occurs in the Kreb’s Cycle.

A
  • It’s an Aerobic process
  • Pyruvic Acid from Glycolsis enters to form
    • 1 ATP
    • 3 NADH
    • 1 FADH2
    • CO2
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12
Q

Electron Transport Chain Summary:

A

Energy carrier molecules produced during Glycolysis and the Kreb’s cycle enter the ETC

  • NADH
  • FADH2

The electrons are passed down a chain of proteins until they reach the final electron acceptor….. Oxygen

Therefore, it is an aerobic reaction.

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13
Q

Where does the Electron Transport Chain Occur?

A

This occurs in the folds of the inner membrane of the Mitochondria. (The Cristae)

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14
Q

What does ETC produce?

A
  • 32ATP
  • H2O
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15
Q

Meaning of respiration:

(2)

A
  1. To respire - to breathe resulting in gas exchange in the lungs.
  2. Cellular respiration - to break down sugar in the presence of oxygen
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16
Q

What does Anaerobic Respiration mean?

A

Without oxygen - standard in yeast and some bacteria

17
Q

What does Aerobic Respiration mean?

A

With oxygen - standard in some bacteria and eukaryotes.

18
Q

What is the purpose of the Krebs cycle?

A

To harvest energy from Acetyl CoA.

19
Q

What comes into the cycle and from where?

A

Acetyl CoA from Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex.

20
Q

For each glucose broken down in glycolysis how many times will this cycle occur?

A

Twice

21
Q

Label:

A