Nervous System

Question 1

Nervous System

Answer 1

The master controlling and communication system in the body.

Question 2

Sensory Input

Answer 2

Gathered information about a stimulus.

Question 3

Integration

Answer 3

Processes and interprets sensory input and makes decisions.

Question 4

Motor Output

Answer 4

Activated muscles or glands from integration center.

Question 5

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 5

Consists of brain and spinal cord. Integration and command center for nervous system.

Question 6

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Answer 6

Links CNS to rest of body through nerves.

Question 7

Sensory (afferent) Division

Answer 7

Convey impulses to CNS from sensory receptors.

Question 8

Motor (efferent) Division

Answer 8

Carries impulses from CNS to effector muscles and organs.

Question 9

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 9

Voluntary controls skeletal muscles.

Question 10

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 10

Regulates involuntary processes in the body.

Question 11

Neuroglia

Answer 11

Support, insulate, and protect neurons. “nerve glue”

Question 12

Astrocytes

Answer 12

Star shaped, cling to neurons to brace and anchor them to nutrient supply lines.

Question 13

Microglia

Answer 13

Spiderlike, dispose of debris and bacteria.

Question 14

Ependymal Cells

Answer 14

Circulates cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.

Question 15

Oliodendrocytes

Answer 15

Wrap around nerve fibers to produce myelin sheaths.

Question 16

Schwann Cells

Answer 16

Form myelin sheaths in PNS.

Question 17

Neuron

Answer 17

Highly specialized cells used to transmit messages throughout the body.

Question 18

Synapse

Answer 18

Functional nerve junction.

Question 19

Myelin Sheath

Answer 19

Encloses Axon.

Question 20

Nodes of Ranvier

Answer 20

Gaps in Schwann cells.

Question 21

Gray Matter

Answer 21

Unmyelinated fibers.

Question 22

Polarized

Answer 22

Fewer positive ions.

Question 23

Depolarized

Answer 23

Inward rush of sodium reverses polarization.

Question 24

Action Potential

Answer 24

Long distance signal transmitted by a neuron.

Question 25

Repolarization

Answer 25

Outflow of positive ions brings neuron back to resting stage.

Question 26

Reflexes

Answer 26

Rapid, predictable, involuntary responses to stimuli.

Question 27

Autonomic Reflexes

Answer 27

Regulate activity of smooth muscles, heart, and glands.

Question 28

Receptor

Answer 28

Gathers stimulus.

Question 29

Effector

Answer 29

Reaction to stimulus.

Question 30

Association Neuron

Answer 30

Connects motor and sensory neurons.