nervous system Flashcards
This part of the brain is responsible for regulating vital functions such as heart rate and breathing.
Medulla oblongata
This part of the brain controls voluntary movements and cognitive functions like thinking and decision-making.
Cerebrum
This part of the brain coordinates movement and balance.
Cerebellum
This structure connects the brain to the spinal cord and relays information between them.
Brainstem
This part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons and transmits them to the cell body.
Dendrites
This long, thread-like part of the neuron transmits electrical impulses to other neurons or muscles.
Axon
This type of cell provides support and nourishment to neurons in the nervous system.
Glial cell
This junction between two neurons is where neurotransmitters transmit signals.
Synapse
This division of the nervous system controls involuntary functions, such as heart rate and digestion.
Autonomic nervous system
This division of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements and sensation.
Somatic nervous system
These neurons carry sensory information from the body to the brain.
Sensory neurons
These neurons transmit signals from the brain to muscles to initiate movement.
Motor neurons
This structure acts as the control center for processing sensory information and initiating motor responses.
Central nervous system (CNS)
This part of the spinal cord carries sensory information to the brain.
Dorsal root
This part of the spinal cord carries motor commands from the brain to muscles.
Ventral root
This system is responsible for the “fight or flight” response, increasing heart rate and preparing the body for stress.
Sympathetic nervous system
This system calms the body and helps return it to a state of rest after stress.
Parasympathetic nervous system
This hormone is released by the adrenal glands to activate the “fight or flight” response.
Adrenaline
This region of the brain processes sensory information related to touch, temperature, and pain.
Parietal lobe
This part of the brain controls emotions, memory, and learning.
Limbic system
