Nervous System Flashcards
Nerve impulse
Action potential
Nerve fibers that secrete norepinephrine
Adrenergic fibers
carries impulses toward the central nervous system
Affarent neuron
Receptors to norepinephrine, produce excitatory response
Alpha-adrenergic receptors
Receptors to norepinephrine, produce excitatory response
Alpha-adrenergic receptors
Subdivision of the nervous system,
regulating activities that maintain homeostasis; (visceral motor)
Autonomic nervous system
extending from a neuron’s cell body
Axon
Receptors to norepinephrine, produce inhibitory response
Beta-adrenergic receptors:
connects the cerebral hemispheres to the spinal cord; consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata (stem like)
Brainstem
consisting of the brain and spinal
CNS
brain responsible for coordination of voluntary movement and balance
Cerebellum
- Clear, colorless fluid, fills the brain’s ventricles and central canal, bathes the outside of the brain and spinal cord
Cerebrospinal fluid
Largest portion of the brain
Cerebrum
Nerve fibers that secrete acetylcholine
Cholinergic fibers
- Nerves of the peripheral nervous system,direct in brain instead spinal cord
Cranial nerves
specific area of the skin innervated by a spinal nerve
Dermatome
specific area of the skin innervated by a spinal nerve
Dermatome
Small space between the outer covering of the spinal cord
Epidural space
Kind of lobe that responsible for decision making, reasoning, memory, and voluntary movements.
Frontal lobe
containing mostly cell bodies of motor neurons and interneurons
Gray matter
bottom half of the diencephalon of the brain, which is responsible for many vital body functions
Hypothalamus
brain responsible for emotion and learning
Lymbic system
Attaches brain to spinal cord; contains centers that govern heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing
Medulla oblongata
Layer of fibrous connective tissue covering the brain and spinal cord
Meninges
contains both sensory and motor fibers
Mixed nerve
Receptors to acetylcholine on target cells that exhibit a variable response
Muscarinic receptors
many neurons; formed by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system
Myelin
bundle of neurons that transmits impulses between the brain and spinal cord and rest of the body
Nerve
support neurons but do not conduct impulses
Neuroglia
Nervous system cells that conduct impulses
Neurons
Portion of the cerebrum responsible for analyzing and interpreting visual information
Occipital lobe
- Division of the autonomic nervous system has a claiming effect: called craniosacral division
Parasympathetic division
- Portion of the cerebrum concerned with bodily sensations and prociceptio
Parietal lobe
consisting of the network of nerve throughout the body
Peripheral nervous system
A network of nerves
Plexus
electrical state of a cell membrane: excess positive and negative ions
Polarization
neural circuit that bypasses regions of the brain where conscious decisions
Reflex arc
Reflex involving contraction of a skeletal muscle after being stimulated by a somatic motor neuron
Somatic reflex
responsible for “fight or flight” response; also called thoracolumbar division
Sympathetic division
Space between the junction of two neurons in a neural pathway
Synapse
responsible for hearing, smell, and visual recognition
Temporal lobe
Bundles of axons in the spinal cord that serve as routes of communication to and from the brain
Tracts
Reflex of the autonomic nervous system affecting organs
Visceral reflexes
containing bundles of axons that carry impulses from one part of the nervous system to another
White matter
