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ZOOT > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Primary functional cell of the nervous system

A

Neuron

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2
Q

Supporting cells, e.g. astrocytes

A

Neuroglia

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3
Q

Something that excites or activates.

A

Stimulus

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4
Q

A wave of excitation transmitted through nervous tissue.

A

Impulse

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5
Q

An automatic, involuntary response to change.

A

Reflex

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6
Q

Cell body (Cell life support center)

A

Soma

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7
Q

Transmit electrical signals toward the cell body

Receives message from other cells

A

Dendrites

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8
Q

Conduct electrical signals away from the cell body

Passes message away form the cell body

A

Axon

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9
Q

Covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses.

A

Myelin Sheath

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10
Q

Functional Classification of neuron

A

Sensory or afferent
Motor or efferent
Interneurons or association neurons

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11
Q

Neurons conduct signals from receptors to the CNS

A

Sensory (afferent)

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12
Q

Neurons conduct signals from the CNS to effectors such as muscle and glands

A

Motor (efferent)

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13
Q

Neurons confined to the CNS

A

Interneurons (association neurons)

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14
Q

Neuron Structural Classification

A

Unipolar
Bipolar
Pseudounipolar
Multipolar

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15
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Satellite cell
Schwann Cells

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16
Q

Central nervous system

A

Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
Microglia
Ependymal cell

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17
Q

Regulate extracellular brain fluid composition; promote tight junctions to form blood-brain barrier.

A

Astrocytes

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18
Q

Line brain ventricles and spinal cord central canal; help form choroid plexuses that secrete CSF.

A

Ependymal cell

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19
Q

Specialized macrophage

A

Microglia

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20
Q

Form the myelin sheaths that surrounds axon of neurons in the CNS.

A

Oligodendrocytes

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21
Q

Wrap around portion of only one axon to form myelin sheath of the neuron in the PNS.

A

Schwann cells or neurolemmocytes

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22
Q

Surround neuron cell bodies in ganglia; provide support and nutrients.

A

Satellite cells

23
Q

Arachnoid plus the pia mater

A

Leptomeninx

24
Q

Spinal Cord Divided into

A
  • Divided into
  • Cervical part
  • Thoracic part
  • Lumbar part
  • Sacral part
  • Caudal or coccygeal part
25
Q

Letter H; Inner /deep, composed mainly of nerve cell bodies

A

Gray matter/substance

26
Q

Superficially; nerve fibers predominate

A

White matter/substance

27
Q

Largest part of the brain

Touch, vision, hearing reasoning, emotions learning & time control movements

A

Cerebrum

28
Q

Co-ordinate muscle movements, maintain posture, and balance.

A

Cerebellum

29
Q

Includes medulla oblongata, pons, mesencephalon and the diencephalon.

Relay center connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to spinal cord, breathing and etc.

A

Brain stem

30
Q

Movement

A

Motor cortex

31
Q

Pain, heat, and other sensations

A

Sensory cortex

32
Q

Comprehension of language

A

Parietal lobe

33
Q

Hearing

A

Temporal lobe

34
Q

Primary visual area

A

Occipital lobe

35
Q

Speech comprehension

A

Wernickes area

36
Q

Coordination

A

Cerebellum

37
Q

Swallowing, breathing, heartbeat and etc…

involuntary movement

A

Brain stem

38
Q

Intellectual and emotional functions

A

Temporal lobe

39
Q

Smell

Judgement, foresight and voluntary movement

A

Frontal lobe

40
Q

Speech

A

Broca’s area

41
Q

Controls body temperature, reproductive functions, eating, sleeping, and the display of emotions.

A

Forebrain (prosencephalon)

42
Q

Associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.

A

Midbrain
(mesencephalon)

43
Q

Controls functions outside conscious control, such as breathing and blood flow.

A

Hindbrain
(rhombencephalon)

44
Q

Are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain
(Including the brainstem).

A

Cranial nerve

45
Q

Smell

A

Olfactory

46
Q

Vision

A

Optic

47
Q

Eye movements

A

Oculomotor
Trochlear
Abducens

48
Q

Facial touch, temperature, and pain

A

Trigeminal

49
Q

Chewing, saliva production, taste bud

A

Facial

50
Q

Maintain equilibrium, hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear

51
Q

Throat, tongue movement, swallowing

A

Glossopharyngeal

52
Q

Heart and lung signal

A

Vagus

53
Q

Neck muscle motor function

A

Accessory

54
Q

Tongue and chewing movement, speech

A

Hypoglossal

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