Endocrine system

Question 1

Encompasses a group of tissues that release hormones into circulation for travel to and action on distant targets

Answer 1

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Question 2

typically a ductless gland (e.g.pituitary, thyroid) that releases its hormones into capillaries that permeate the tissue these glands are richly supplied with blood

Answer 2

Endocrine tissue

Question 2

regulate a multitude of biologic processes in virtually all tissues

Answer 2

Hormones control

Question 3

act on their target cells by binding to receptors located on the cell surface

Answer 3

Protein/Polypeptide Hormones

Question 4

derivatives of cholesterol and include products of the adrenal cortex, ovaries, and testes as well as the related molecule, vitamin D

Answer 4

Steroid Hormones

Question 4

made by chemical modification of amino acids, mainly tyrosine.

Answer 4

Modified Amino Acid Hormones

Question 5

link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland responsible for the regulation of certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system.

Answer 5

HYPOTHALAMUS

Question 6

stimulates FSH, LH release (adenohypophysis)

Answer 6

Gonadotropin-RH

Question 6

stimulates TSH release (adenohypophysis)

Answer 6

Thyrotropin-RH

Question 7

stimulates ACTH release (adenohypophysis)

Answer 7

Corticotropin-RH

Question 8

stimulates GH release (adenohypophysis)

Answer 8

Growth Hormone-RH

Question 8

somatostatin; inhibits GH release (adenohypophysis)

Answer 8

GH-inhibiting hormone

Question 9

dopamine; Inhibits prolactin release (adenohypophysis)

Answer 9

Prolactin-IH

Question 10

stimulates uterine contraction, milk let-down (uterus, mammary glands)

Answer 10

Oxytocin

Question 11

vasopressin; conserves water, reduces urine volume (kidney); constricts vessels to raise blood pressure (arterioles)

Answer 11

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 12

stimulates cortical development, glucocorticoid release (adrenal cortex)

Answer 12

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 13

stimulates follicular development (ovary), sperm development (testes)

Answer 13

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 14

somatotropin; Promotes growth in immature animals; metabolic effects on carbohydrate, lipid, protein metabolism in adults

Answer 14

Growth hormone (GH)

Question 14

lutropin; stimulates ovulation, development of corpus luteum, secretion by corpus luteum (ovary), secretion of androgens (testes)

Answer 14

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 14

stimulates release of thyroid hormones (follicular cells of thyroid gland)

Answer 14

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 14

promotes lactation (mammary gland), maternal behavior (central nervous system

Answer 14

Prolactin (PRL)

Question 15

essential for normal response to stress; important roles in protein, carbohydrate metabolism (multiple organs including liver)

Answer 15

Glucocorticoids

Question 16

aldosterone; conserve Na, eliminate K (kidney)

Answer 16

Mineralocorticoids

Question 17

Action (Target Tissue or Organ) (on Adrenal Gland)

Answer 17

Adrenal Medulla Hormones

Question 18

increases oxygen consumption, ATP generation (almost all cells)

Answer 18

Triiodothyronine (T3)
Thyroxine (T4)

Question 19

Action (Target Tissue or Organ)
(on Thyroid Gland)

Answer 19

Thyroid Parafollicular Cells

Question 19

augments sympathetic response to stress by actions on several organs

Answer 19

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

Question 20

promotes calcium retention (bone)

Answer 20

Calcitonin

Question 21

promotes increase in plasma calcium, reduction in plasma phosphate (bone, kidney)

Answer 21

Parathyroid hormone

Question 22

involves a response that is the reverse of the change
detected (it functions to
reduce the change)

Answer 22

Negative Feedback