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Science > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

It is the major control system of homeostasis and provides monitoring, response, and regulation of all systems

A

Nervous System

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2
Q

Major functions of the Nervous System

A

Sensation, Integration, and Response

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3
Q

It is the process of receiving information from the environment to sensory organs

A

Sensation

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4
Q

It is the process of analyzing and interpreting sensory information in the brain and spinal cord

A

Integration

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5
Q

It is the process of producing a motor output in response to sensory input

A

Response

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6
Q

It is the basic unit of nervous system

A

Neurons

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7
Q

Other term for neurons

A

Nerve Cell

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8
Q

It is the process where neurons carry information which involves electrochemical gradient

A

Nerve Impulses

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9
Q

It is the main part that contains nucleus and contains various organelles that are necessary for the neuron to carry out its function

A

Cell Body or Soma

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10
Q

It is a branched extension that receives signals from other neurons or sensory organelles. It integrates information from different sources and passes it to the cell body.

A

Dendrites

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11
Q

It is a long, slender projection that extends from the cell body which transmits signals away from the neuron to other cells

A

Axon

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12
Q

It is the type of neuron that receives information from sensory receptors then transmits it to brain and spinal cord

A

Sensory Neuron

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13
Q

Other term for sensory neuron

A

Afferent Neurons

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14
Q

How do sensory neurons travel?

A

towards Central Nervous System or the brain and spinal cord

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15
Q

It acts as a bridge between sensory neurons and motor neurons

A

Interneurons

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16
Q

Other terms for interneurons

A

Connector Neurons or Association Neurons

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17
Q

Where can we find the interneurons?

A

Within the brain and spinal cord or in Central Nervous System

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18
Q

It is responsible for transmitting signals from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands in the body

A

Motor Neurons

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19
Q

Other term for Motor Neurons

A

Efferent Neurons

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20
Q

How do motor neurons travel?

A

Away from brain and spinal cord or away from Central Nervous System

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21
Q

It is the command center of the entire body and processes information and sends instructions to other parts of the body

A

Central Nervous System

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22
Q

Parts of Central Nervous System

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

23
Q

It is a very important and delicate organ. It is well protected and encased in a bone called the skull.

A

Brain

24
Q

Why does the brain appear to have a Brown color?

A

Because of neurons

25
Q

Brain is abundant with _____

A

Axon

26
Q

It is the tiny gap between each neurons which transmits nerve impulse

A

Synapse

27
Q

These are chemical messengers

A

Neurotransmitters

28
Q

It is the process of transferring information between each neurons

A

Neurotransmission

29
Q

It is the largest part of the brain which is responsible for higher brain functions such as personality, behavior, and emotions

A

Cerebrum

30
Q

The left part of the cerebrum is associated with

A

Thinking/Logical

31
Q

The right part of cerebrum is associated with

A

Artistic side

32
Q

It is located beneath the cerebrum and is responsible for coordinating movement and balance

A

Cerebellum

33
Q

It connects the brain to spinal cord and is responsible for regulating essential functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure

A

Brain Stem

34
Q

Region of brain stem that is responsible for involuntary actions

A

Medulla Oblongata

35
Q

Region of brain stem that is responsible for visual and auditory reflexes

A

Midbrain

36
Q

Region of brain stem that is responsible for respiratory functions

A

Pons

37
Q

Region of brain stem that is responsible for directing incoming messeges from the spinal cord to the brain

A

Thalamus

38
Q

Region of brain stem that is responsible for monitoring internal conditions

A

Hypothalamus

39
Q

Region of brain stem that is responsible for relaying information between the brain and the rest of the body

A

Spinal Cord

40
Q

It is the reflex that doesn’t involve the brain

A

Spinal Reflex

41
Q

It is the pathway of reflexes

A

Reflex Arc

42
Q

It is made up of a network of bundled rope-like structures called nerves which connects the central NS to the rest of the body

A

Peripheral Nervous System

43
Q

How many pairs of nerves does the peripheral NS have?

A

43 pairs (12 cranial, 31 spinal)

44
Q

It is the subdivision of PNS that is responsible for voluntary movement which responds to external environment

A

Somatic

45
Q

It is the subdivision of PNS that is responsible for involuntary movement which responds to internal environment

A

Autonomic

46
Q

It is the subdivision of Autonomic subdivision that is responsible for “Rest or Digest” response. It slows dows bodily functions and promotes relaxation and healing. It also lowers heart rate and blood pressure, and increases digestion and nutrient absorption

A

Parasympathetic

47
Q

It is the subdivision of Autonomic subdivision that is responsible for “Fight or Flight” response. It is usually activated in response to stress or danger which increases heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure, and diverts blood flow to the muscles, preparing the body for action

A

Sympathetic

48
Q

It refers to the process by which the body maintains a stable environment, despite changes in external conditions

A

Homeostasis

49
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The nervous sytem plays a critical role in coordinating and regulating feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis in the body

A

TRUE

50
Q

It is the receiver of message/impulse.

A

Receptor

51
Q

The body responds in such a way as to reverse the direction of change. Because this tends to keep things constant, it allows us to
maintain homeostasis.

A

Negative Feedback

52
Q

This means that if a change occurs in some variable, the response is to change that variable even more in the same direction. This has a de-stabilizing effect, so it does not result in homeostasis

A

Positive Feedback

53
Q

It is the process through which the level of one substance influences the level of another substance.

A

Feedback Mechanism

Science (8 decks)

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