Biodiversity and Evolution Flashcards
It is the idea that living things are created and remain unchanged since the beginning.
Creationism
It is the idea that violent and sudden natural catastrophes have resulted to death and extinction of most plants and animals. After each catastrophe, God created new sets of life forms.
Catastrophism
It claims that large geological changes occurred not in catastrophic events but by gradual accumulation of small geological changes over long period of time.
Uniformitarianism
He proposed that organisms evolved in response to their environment
Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck
It is a theory that believed that organisms
change because they need to. Each organisms therefore adapts to suit its
particular way of life.
Theory of Needs
It is a theory that believes that organisms developed specialized characteristics by the use and disuse of organs.
Theory of Use and Disuse
This theory explains that an animal developed these adaptations as acquired traits, and these traits are passed on from parents to offspring. According to him this is
how evolution occurs
Theory of Acquired Characteristics
He believed that organisms evolved from common ancestors, they are all related to one another no matter how different they are.
Charles Darwin
What is the title of the book published by Charles Darwin?
On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, 1859
Main points of Darwin’s theory of evolution
- Species overproduction
- Competition
- Variation
- Adaptation
- Natural Selection
- Speciation
It is a struggle for existence and the survival of the fittest.
Competition
No two individuals are the same. These variations arise by random processess governed by the laws of genetics and are passed on the next generation.
Variation
It is a process of becoming better suited to the environment.
Adaptation
The environment select organisms that survived to be the parents of the succeeding generations. Individuals that are better adapted, survive and reproduce in greater numbers than those without this capability.
Natural Selection
A process where new species are formed
Speciation
