Nervous System Flashcards
System that is responsible for homeostasis and regulation
Control system
The basic units of the neuron
Cell body, axon, dendrites
True or False
If the neuron is myelinated, the conduction of electrical impulse is faster
True
Identify and describe the two major divisions of the nervous system
Central Nervous System - includes brain and the spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System - all nervous tissue outside CNS
It serves as the communication link between CNS and other parts of the body
PNS
The sensory division or ? conducts action potential from the sensory receptors to CNS
afferent division
The neurons that transmit the action potential from periphery to the CNS
Sensory neurons
Hello
HI
The neuron that transmit signal from CNS towards periphery
Motor neurons
Also called as the efferent division that conducts action potentials from CNS to effector organs
Motor division
A nerve cell that receives stimuli, conduct action potentials, and transmit signal to other nerve cells or effector organ.
Neuron
These are short, often highly branching cytoplasmic extensions that usually receive information from other neurons or from sensory receptors and transmit the information toward neuron cell body
Dendrites
A single, long cell process extending from the neuron cell body that conducts but action potentials away or towards the central nervous system
Axon
The area where the Axon leaves the neuron cell body
axon hillocks
Differentiate the three types of neurons
Multipolar - multiple dendrites one axons
BIpolar - two processes: one dendrite, one axon
Pseudo-unipolar- one single process
The supportive cells of the nervous system that enhance the neuron function and maintain homeostasis within the nervous tissue
Glial cells
It consists of fatty acids that provide insulating material around axons
Schwann cell
These are specialized layers that wrap around the axons of some neurons
Myelin sheaths
The gap in the myelin sheath is called?
nodes of Ranvier
In CNS, the gray matter on the surface of the cell? What about on the deep surface of the brain?
Cortex, nuclei
It consists of groups of neuron cell bodies and their dendrites, where there is a very little myelin
Gray matter
It consists of bundles of parallel axons with their myelin sheaths, which are whitish in color
White matter
A junction where the axon of 1 neuron interacts with another neuron or with cells of an effector organ
Synapse
A junction where the axon of 1 neuron interacts with another neuron or with cells of an effector organ
Synapse
Three major components of synapse
Presynaptic terminal, synaptic cleft, postsynaptic membrane
Fight or flight neurotransmitter
Adrenaline
Concentration transmitter
Noradrenaline
Pleasure neurotransmitter
Dopamine
Mood neurotransmitter
Serotonin
Calming neurotransmitter
GABA
GABA is an acronym for?
Gamma Amino Butyric Acid
Learning neurotransmitter
Acetylcholine
Memory neurotransmitter
Glutamate
Euphoria neuro transmitter
Endorphins
it is an involuntary reaction in response to a stimulus
Reflex
The neuronal pathway by which a reflex occurs
Reflex arc
The five basic components of the reflex arc:
- Sensory receptors
- Sensory Neurons
- Interneuron
- Motor neuron
- Effector organ
