nervous system Flashcards
function of Nervous System
detect impulses from the senses and is the control center of the body
major organs of the nervous system
brain, spinal cord, senses, and nerves
difference between neurons and neuroglia
neurons- make up 10% of the nervous system
neuroglia- make up 90% of the nervous system
dendrite
receive the nerve impulses from the senses or another neuron
soma
body of the neuron that holds the nucleus
schwann cells
create the myelin sheath
node of ranvier
impulses jump from node to node, which increase speed of impulse
myelin
insulates the axon. Produced by the Schwann cells
axon
passageway for nerve impulses after cell body; end in axon terminal
axon terminal
the button-like endings of axons through which axons make contact with other nerve cells
CSF
The cerebrospinal fluid protects the brain by preventing the it from contacting the skull
cerebrum
Controls conscious activities
frontal lobe
Voluntary movements (walking), Reasoning & decision-making, Memory, Ability to predict consequences of actions, Planning, Verbal communication
parietal lobe
controls sensations, visual-spatial processing, and body position
occipital lobe
controls visual processing- vision & memory of objects
Temporal Lobe
controls memory, comprehension & pronunciation of words, sensations of smell and sound, emotional association of memories
thalamus
Relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex for processing and sorting
hypothalamus
Controls hormones released by pituitary gland and Responsible for autonomic processes
brainstem
Located between the cerebrum and spinal cord
midbrain
Relays info to cerebrum, controls body movements and postures
pons
Carries info from one side of brain to the other and main control for breathing
medulla oblongata
Transmits impulses between spinal cord and the brain
also controls blood pressure, heart rate, swallowing, and coughing
cerebellum
Responsible for coordinating the movements directed by the cerebrum such as involuntary movements
spinal cord
Relays impulses from the PNS to the brain
hair follicle receptor
touch
ruffini’s corpuscle
touch and pressure
pacinian corpuscle
pressure
merkel’s disk
touch
free nerve ending
pain and temperature
malleus
hammer
incus
anvil
stapes
stirrup
cochlea
bony snail-shaped structure containing membranes filled with fluid
cornea
allows light into the eye
pupil
muscles regulate the amount of light entering the eye
iris
works with pupil to regulate light entering the eye
retina
located in the back of the eye, contains thousands of photoreceptors
lens
semi-solid disc that directs light waves towards the retina
farsighted vs nearsighted
farsighted- can’t see near
nearsighted- can’t see far
