Integumentary System

Question 1

protection

Answer 1

protects the rest of the body from the basic elements of nature, acts as a protective barrier against water loss, and is the first line of defense against abrasive activity

Question 2

Sensory Function

Answer 2

acts as a sense organ because the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis contain specialized sensory nerve structures that detect touch, surface temperature, and pain

Question 3

thermoregulation

Answer 3

helps regulate body temperature through its tight association with the sympathetic nervous system

Question 4

Vitamin D Synthesis

Answer 4

epidermal layer of human skin synthesizes vitamin D when exposed to UV radiation and Vitamin D is essential for normal absorption of calcium and phosphorous

Question 5

skin

Answer 5

made of multiple layers of cells and tissues, which are held to underlying structures by connective tissue.

Question 6

Keratinocyte

Answer 6

a cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin

Question 7

Keratin

Answer 7

intracellular fibrous protein that gives hair, nails, and skin their hardness and water-resistant properties

Question 8

thick skin

Answer 8

stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Question 9

thin skin

Answer 9

stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Question 10

epidermis

Answer 10

The outer layer of the two main layers of the skin.

Question 11

dermis

Answer 11

the thick layer of living tissue below the epidermis which forms the true skin

Question 12

hypodermis

Answer 12

he tissue immediately beneath the epidermis of a plant especially when modified to serve as a supporting and protecting layer.

Question 13

stratum spinosum

Answer 13

spiny in appearance due to the protruding cell processes that join the cells via a structure called a desmosome.

Question 14

stratum basale

Answer 14

Deepest epidermal layer (the base) and attaches the epidermis to the basal lamina,

Question 15

integumentary system main organs

Answer 15

skin, hair, nails

Question 16

stratum granulosum

Answer 16

primarily made of basal cells and deepest epidermal layer

Question 17

stratum lucidum

Answer 17

the smooth and seemingly translucent layer of the epidermis

Question 18

stratum corneum

Answer 18

most superficial layer of the epidermis and cells in this layer are shed periodically and are replaced

Question 19

superficial to deep

Answer 19

stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Question 20

hair

Answer 20

keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis

Question 21

hair follicle

Answer 21

Strands of hair that originate in an epidermal penetration of the dermis

Question 22

hair shaft

Answer 22

part of the hair not anchored to the follicle, and much of this is exposed at the skin’s surface

Question 23

hair root

Answer 23

anchored in the follicle and lies below the surface of the skin

Question 24

free edge (nail)

Answer 24

protect skin

Question 25

lunula

Answer 25

thick layer of epithelium over the nail matrix that forms a crescent-shaped region

Question 26

eponychium (cuticle)

Answer 26

nail fold that meets the proximal end of the nail body and forms the nail cuticle

Question 27

nail root

Answer 27

a matrix of proliferating cells from the stratum basale that enables the nail to grow continuously

Question 28

pores

Answer 28

allow sweat and oil to escape through the skin

Question 29

apocrine sweat glands

Answer 29

larger than eccrine sweat glands and lie deeper in the dermis and is thicker

Question 30

eecrine sweat glands

Answer 30

produces a hypotonic sweat for thermoregulation

Question 31

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 31

develops on the face or neck area, main cause is due to long term exposure to the sun, the symptoms include sores and bumps, and the treatment is surgery

Question 32

acne

Answer 32

acne is caused by build up of oil and dead skin cells, it occurs mainly during puberty, the symptoms are getting different type of pimples, redness, and tenderness and has several treatments including creams and antibiotics

Question 33

melanoma

Answer 33

type of skin cancer that develops from melanocytes, the symptoms include large mole/ discolored skin, and the treatment is surgery or chemotherapy

Question 34

eczema

Answer 34

skin becomes itchy, bumpy and red, caused by skin irritation, treatments include creams and ointments

Question 35

stretch marks

Answer 35

occurs when skin shrinks or stretches too quickly, symptoms are streak lines over different parts of the body, and there is no treatment

Question 36

first degree burn

Answer 36

involves only the top layer of the skin, skin may be red, painful, dry, and may peel and treatment is cooling it and covering it

Question 37

second degree burn

Answer 37

involves the outer layer and inner layer, can be caused by hot objects, sun and chemicals, symptoms are pain, redness, blisters, and treatments include cool water and covering it

Question 38

third degree burn

Answer 38

destroys the dermis and epidermis, destroys nerve endings, symptoms include dark skin with leathery texture and treatment includes IV fluids and antibiotics

Question 39

fourth degree burn

Answer 39

goes through both layers of the skin and deeper tissue, you can get it from hot things and chemicals, symptoms include red and exposed area , treatments include professional medical help

Question 40

calluses

Answer 40

they are thick hardened layers or skin that develop when the skin comes in contact with rough surfaces, and can be treated by trimming away the skin

Question 41

squamous cell cancer

Answer 41

occurs through sun exposure mixed with genetics