Cardiovascular System Flashcards
arteries
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart
blood vessels
Vessels that bring blood back to the heart
capillaries
Tiny vessels that branch off from arteries to deliver blood to all body tissues
deoxygenated
venous blood has less oxygen than oxygenated blood
heart
muscular pump that forces blood around the body
oxygen
air that we breathe
oxygenated
flows in the pulmonary vein and in the arteries
pulmonary circulation
between the heart and lungs, transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to get oxygen, and then back to the heart
systemic circulation
carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues and cells, and then back to the heart
veins
Vessels that bring blood back to the heart
size of heart
size of a fist
how many chambers does the heart have?
4
location of heart
located in the mediastinum in the center of the chest cavity
apex
tip of the heart at the lower edge
endocardium
inner layer of the heart lining the heart chambers
myocardium
the thick, muscular middle layer of the heart
pericardium
double-layered pleural sac
atria
receiving chambers of the heart
ventricles
the pumping chambers
tricuspid valve
atrioventricular valve (AV), meaning that it controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle. Once the blood enters the right ventricle, it cannot go back up into the atrium again. This valve has three (tri) leaflets or cusps.
pulmonary valve
a semilunar valve, with the prefix semi- meaning half and the term lunar meaning moon, indicate that this valve looks like a half moon. Located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, this valve prevents blood that has been ejected into the pulmonary artery from returning to the right ventricle as it relaxes.
mitral valve
bicuspid valve, indicating that it has two cusps. Blood flows through this atrioventricular valve to the left ventricle and cannot go back up into the left atrium.
aortic valve
a semilunar valve located between the left ventricle and the aorta. Blood leaves the left ventricle through this valve and cannot return to the left ventricle.
blood pressure
measurement of the force exerted by blood against the wall of a blood vessel
pulse
felt at the wrist or throat is the surge of blood caused by the heart contraction
