Nervous, Musculoskeletal, Carvdiovascular and lymphatic systems Flashcards
Which of the following organisms does not have a predilection site for the nervous tissue?
A. Cryptococcus neoformans
B. Histophilus somni
C. Listeria monocytogenes
D. Salmonella
D. Salmonella
Plecytosis is the presence of:
A. geomorphic cells in the blood
B. geomorphic cells in the CSF
C. Pleomorphic cells in the nervous tissue
D. Increased number of cells in the cerebral spinal fluid
D. increased number of cells in the cerebral spinal fluid
Which of the following is not a histotoxic Clostridium sp./
A. C. chauvoei
B. C. Novyi
C. C. septicum
D. C. difficile
D. C. difficile
What causes thromboembolic meningoencephalitis (TEME) or thrombotic meningoencephalitis (TME)?
Histophilus somni
What does Histophilus somni cause?
blindness, ataxia, convulsions, depression and coma
What are pathognomonic lesions of Histophilus somni?
Multiple reddish necrotic foci, thrombi in blood vessels composed of leukocytes, fibrin
Histophilus somni is also known as?
Sleeper syndrome
Listeria monocytogenes is a common infection in what animals?
Cattle, sheep and goats
What does Listeria monocytogenes cause?
- circling disease
- encephalitis
How do the bacteria get to the CNS in Listeria monocytogenes?
bacterial invade through the oral mucosa and travel along the TRIGEMINAL NERVE and have affinity for the brain stem
How do ruminants get Listeria monocytoenes?
ingestion of contaminated silage during winter
How is listeriosis presented in calves?
foal hepatic necrosis (necrotizing hepatitis) and hemorrhagic gastroenteritis
FOOD SAFTY PATHOGEN
What laboratory diagnostic tests would you need to do to check for Listeria?
Listeria enrichment culture or PCR
What is the drug of choice for Listeria monocytogenes?
Penicillin (high doses are required because of the difficulty in achieving minimum bactericidal concentrations in the brain)
What causes sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis in feedlot cattle?
Chlamydia pecorum
What causes meningitis in calves as a result of systemic infection by what bacteria?
Salmonella Dublin
Cryptococcus infection in cats causes what type of infection (mainly)?
CNS infection
Focal symmetrical encephalomalacia in sheep is caused by what bacteria?
Clostridium perfringens type D
What does Clostridium perfringens type D cause in sheep?
- focal symmetrical encehalomalacia
- symmetrical necrosis and hemorrhage of the white matter
- pulpy kidney
What are some bacteria that cause pericarditis, myocarditis or endocarditis?
- Clostridium chauvoei (black leg)
- Tyzzers disease
- Fusobacterium necrophorum
- Trueperella pyogenes
- Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
- Histophilus somni
Edema disease in pigs is caused by what toxin?
Shiga toxin
Edema disease in pigs is primarily a disease of the vasculature and subcutaneous tissue. True or False?
True
Where would you get edema in edema disease in pigs?
- eyelid
- submucosa of the stomach
mesocolon
Lymphadentitis is caused by which bacteria?
- Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (caseous lymphadentitis)
- Strangles (streptococcus equi sub equi)
Lymphangitis is caused by which bacteria?
- Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (pigeon fever)
- Sporothrix schenkii
Rickettsia infects what part of the vasculature?
Vascular endothelium
Anaplasma infects what part of the vasculature?
Erythrocytes, phagocytes, and platelets
Ehrliche infects what part of the vasculature?
Phagocytic cells
Neorickettsia infects what part of the vasculature?
Macrophage and enterocytes
The order Rickettsiales are obligate intracellular pathogens. True or false?
TRUE!!!
What causes myositis?
Histotoxic Clostridium sp.
What causes arthritis?
- Streptococcus
- Mycoplasma Boris
- Lyme disease
- Chlamydia
- Erysipelothrix
What causes osteomyelitis?
- Brucellosis (B. canis)
- Actinomyces bovis
- Coccidiodies immitis
Clostridium tetani is an aerobic gram positive rod. True or false?
False (anaerobic gram positive rod)
Clostridium tentani causes what?
- spastic paralysis
Clostridium tetani is an enterotoxin. True or false?
False (neurotoxin) –> tetanospasmin
Where can you find Clostridium tetani?
soil and feces
What toxin types do you see with Clostridium botulinum?
- Toxin types A-G
Clostridium botulinum causes what?
- flasid paralysis
- food poisoning
Clostridium botulinum is a neurotoxin. True or false?
True
Infections of Clostridium botulinum is through wounds or the intestines. True or false?
True
What is the pathogenesis of Clostridium botulinum?
inhibits neurotransmitter release (acetylcholine)
Clostridium chauvoei causes what?
black leg
What are the hosts of Clostridium chauvoei?
cattle, sheep and pigs
Clostridium septicum causes what?
- malignant edema (through wounds)
- Braxy (abomastitis)
- necrotic dermatitis (chickens)
What are the hosts of Clostridium septicum?
- cattle, sheep, pigs and chicken
Clostridium novyi (A, B and C) causes what?
Gas gangrene and black disease (necrotic hepatitis)
Clostridium hemolyticum causes what?
Bacillary hemoglobinuria (liver affected)
What are the hosts of Clostridium hemolyticum?
Cattle and sheep
Clostridium sordellii causes what?
Gas gangrene
What are the hosts for Clostridium sordellii?
Cattle and sheep
Clostridium coliseum causes what?
ulcerative enteritis (quail disease)
What are the hosts of Clostridium colinum?
quail and other birds
What are the histotoxic Clostridial species?
- C. Chauvoei
- C. novyi
- C. septicum
- C. perfringens
Histotoxic Clostridial species cause what mainly?
necrotic myositis
How would you diagnose clostridial necrotic myositis?
direct flurorescent antibody staining (DFA)
(available for C. chauvoei, C. septicum, C. novyi)
Anerobic culture is not the best
