General Overview

Question 1

Bacteria have a nucleus.

True or false?

Answer 1

False (prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus)

Question 2

Bacteria have chemically complex cell walls.

True or false?

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Bacteria have no plasma membrane or cell wall?

True or false?

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Bacterial cell division is by mitosis?

True or false

Answer 4

false (binary fission)

Question 5

Bacteria have histones?

True or false?

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Unique cell wall component of a GRAM POSITIVE bacteria.

Answer 6

Lipoteichoic acid (for antigenicity)

Question 7

Unique cell wall component of GRAM NEGATIVE bacteria.

Answer 7

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

Question 8

Unique cell wall component of mycobacteria.

Answer 8

Mycolic acid

Question 9

Lipid A is an endotoxin. True or false?

Answer 9

True

Question 10

How do bacteria and fungi cause disease (pathogenesis)?

Answer 10

complex interaction between host, pathogen and environment

Question 11

what is a pathogen?

Answer 11

a microbe that can cause disease

Question 12

What is pathogenesis?

Answer 12

Mechanism by which cause disease

Question 13

What is virulence?

Answer 13

degree of pathogenicity includes severity

Question 14

What are virulence factors?

Answer 14

properties or traits found in isolates that cause disease but which are not found in isolates of the same species that lack the ability to cause disease

Question 15

What is predisposition?

Answer 15

what predisposes an animal to infectious disease

Question 16

The majority of bacteria are intracellular pathogens. True or false?

Answer 16

False (majority are extracellular pathogens)

Question 17

What disease causes a type IV hypersensitivity?

Answer 17

Tuberculosis

Question 18

What are some gram positive cocci?

Answer 18

• Staphylococcus
• streptococcus
• enterococcus
• micrococcus

Question 19

What are some acid fast partial bacteria?

Answer 19

• corynebacterium
• rhodococcus
• nocardia

Question 20

What is a true acid fast bacteria?

Answer 20

mycobacterium

Question 21

What are some gram negative anaerobes?

Answer 21

• fusobacterium
• bactericides
• dichelobacter

Question 22

Gram negative cocci are not common clinical isolates? True or false?

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What are gram negative spirochetes?

Answer 23

• Brachyspira
• Borrelia
• leptospira
• Treponema

Question 24

What are some spiral gram negative bacteria?

Answer 24

• campylobacter
• helicobacter
• lawsonia

Question 25

What are some vector borne bacteria?

Answer 25

- rickettsia - neorickettsia - anaplasma - ehrlichia - aegyptinella - coxiella

Question 26

What are some cell wall deficient bacteria?

Answer 26

- mycoplasma | - ureaplasma

Question 27

What specific sterol is present in fungi?

Answer 27

ergosterol

Question 28

Fungi contain peptidoglycan too. True or false?

Answer 28

False (glucan, mannan, chitin)

Question 29

What is the unicellular form of fungi called?

Answer 29

yeast

Question 30

What is the multicellular form of fungi called?

Answer 30

mold or hyphae

Question 31

What are some hyaline fungi?

Answer 31

Apergillus and Dermatophytes

Question 32

What are some yeasts?

Answer 32

- candida - Malassezia - Cryptococcus

Question 33

What are some dimorphic fungi?

Answer 33

- Blastomyces dermatitidis - Histoplasma capsulatum - Coccidioides immitis - Sporothrix schenckii

Question 34

What are some fungal like organisms?

Answer 34

- pythium - lagenidium - prototheca

Question 35

What are some laboratory diagnosis that detects antibodies?

Answer 35

- ELISA - agglutination - precipitation - immunochromatography

Question 36

detection of cell mediated immune response?

Answer 36

- intradermal tests (tuberculin tests) | - lymphocyte proliferation test

Question 37

What are two types of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST)?

Answer 37

- disk diffusion test (Kirby Bauer test) | - broth/agar dilution test

Question 38

What is MIC?

Answer 38

the minimum amount of drug required to inhibit bacterial growth

Question 39

Drugs with lower MIC values are a better choice for treatment. True or false?

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What is susceptibility break point?

Answer 40

- drug concentration above is resistant | - below is susceptible to that drug

Question 41

For disk diffusion test you must use a bacterial isolate in pure culture. True or false?

Answer 41

True

Question 42

What are organisms with innate resistance?

Answer 42

- enterococcus - enterobacter - pseudomonas - actinetobacter

Question 43

What are extended spectrum beta lactamase bacteria?

Answer 43

E. coli and Klebsiella sp.

Question 44

Fluroquinolone are resistant to what bacteria?

Answer 44

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 45

Multiple drug resistant bacteria?

Answer 45

E. coli and salmonella

Question 46

MDR and XDR bacteria?

Answer 46

Mycobacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 47

Griseofulvin does what?

Answer 47

- bind to mitotic spindles - inhibits mitosis - PO - used for dermatophytes