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Bacteriology Final > GI and Urogenital > Flashcards

GI and Urogenital Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A. Foal pneumonia is caused by Rhodococcus equi
B. R. equi is facoltative intracellular bacteria
C. R. equi is partially acid fast positive
D. Penicillin is the antibiotic of choice for treating R. equi

A

D. Penicillin is the antibiotic of choice for treating R. equi

  • tx of choice are macrolide and Rifampin
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2
Q

Which of the following bacteria is commonly associate with enterotoxemia in farm animals?

A. Clostridium perfringens
B. Clostridium chauvoei
C. E. coli
D. Salmonella

A

A. Clostridium perfringens

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3
Q

What causes Johnes disease?

A

Mycobacterium avium sub paratuberculosis

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4
Q

What is dysbiosis?

A

an alteration of the small intestinal microbiota in composition or numbers

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5
Q

E. coli causes what type of pathogenesis?

A

colibacillosis/colisepticemia

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6
Q

What causes neonatal diarrhea in calves, pigs, lambs, goats and humans?

A

E. coli

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7
Q

ETEC causes what and what virulence factor?

A

diarrhea

VF: pili and enterotoxin

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8
Q

EPEC causes what and what virulence factor?

A

diarrhea

VF: adhesion (intimin)

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9
Q

EHEC (STEC) causes what and what virulence factors? (IMPORTANT)

A

diarrhea +/- systemic disease

VF: adhesions (intimin, pili) and shiga toxin

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10
Q

What causes hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans?

A

E. coli 0157H7

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11
Q

Salmonella in horses is the most commonly diagnosed infectious cause of diarrhea in what age of horse?

A

adults

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12
Q

Salmonella in horses is often sporadic but outbreaks have been reported. True or false?

A

True

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13
Q

What appears to play as the major role in pathogenesis in horses with salmonella?

A

stress

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14
Q

Severe lymphopenia is often seen in horses with Salmonella. True or false?

A

False (neutropenia)

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15
Q

Antibiotic treatment is controversial in treating Salmonella in horses, however, what abx might be considered ok to reduce the symptoms?

A

low does polymixn because they bind to endotoxin

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16
Q

What are two bacteria that are antibiotic induced diarrhea horses and rabbits?

A

Clostridium erfringens and Clostridium difficile

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17
Q

What causes enterotoxemia? (clostridial sp)

A

Clostridium perfringens (types A-E)

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18
Q

What antibiotics are contraindicated in horses and rabbits for Clostridium?

A

Lincomycin/clindamycin

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19
Q

What causes Potomac horse fever?

A

Neorickettsia risticcii

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20
Q

What does Neorickettsia risticcii infect (what cell types)?

A

epithelial cells, macrophages and monocytes

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21
Q

What are the vectors of Neorickettsia risticcii?

A

snails and flies

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22
Q

What does Neorickettsia risticii cause?

A

Seasonal occurrence necrotizing enterocolitis

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23
Q

What does Rhodococcus equi cause?

A

enterocolitis and mesenteric lymphadenitis

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24
Q

What causes Salmon poisoning in dogs?

A

ingestion of fluke Nanophytus salmincola which has Neorickettsia helminthoeca

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25
Q

What does salmon poisoning cause?

A
  • fatal granulomatous enterocolitis in dogs and foxes

- necrosis of the lymphoreticular system and hemorrhagic diarrhea

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26
Q

For enteric diseases which type of sample is the most important to collect? (red in slide)

A

Fecal sample for culture

27
Q

In the liver, Fusobacterium necrophorum causes what in cattle?

A

liver abscess

28
Q

In the liver, what causes bacillary hemoglobinuria?

A

Clostridium hemolyticum

29
Q

What does Clostridium novyi (type B) cause in the liver of cattle?

A
  • infectious necrotic hepatitis

- associated with liver fluke migration

30
Q

What are the hosts of Tyzzers disease?

A

foals and lab animals

31
Q

What is the bacterial species of Tyzzers disease?

A

Clostridium piliforme

32
Q

What bacterial species cause disease to the liver?

A
  • leptospirosis
  • Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
  • Francisella tularensis
  • Salmonella
  • Brucella
  • Campylobacter
  • Listeriosis
33
Q

UTI in dogs and cats are most commonly caused by defending infections by organisms from the urogenital and GI tract. True or false?

A

False (ascending infections)

34
Q

Which bacteria is the most common isolate for a UTI?

A

E. coli

35
Q

UTIs are less common in dogs or cats?

A

cats (asymptomatic colonization and bacteriuria)

36
Q

What is the best method to collect urine for urine analysis?

A. Free catch
B. Cystocentesis
C. Catheterization

A

B Cystocentesis

37
Q

What does leptospirosis cause?

A

Lymphoplasmacytic tubulointersitial nephritis

38
Q

What would the serum chemistry indicate in a leptospirosis infection?

A

Renal failure

39
Q

Actinobacillus equuli infects what age of horses?

A

Foals

40
Q

What is Actinobacillus equuli also called?

A

sleepy foal disease

41
Q

What does Actinobacillus equuli cause?

A

Suppurative glomerulonephritis

42
Q

What is the host of Erysipelothrix rusiopathiae?

A

pigs

43
Q

What are the hosts of Corynebacterium psuedotuberculosis?

A

Sheep and goat-;

44
Q

What causes granulomatous nephritis?

A

Mycobacterium sp. and fungal infections

45
Q

What causes pyelonephritis in adult cows?

A

Corynebacterium renal groups (C. renale, C. pilosum, C. cystitidis)

46
Q

What causes white spotted kidney in calves and interstitial nephritis following bacteremia and septicaemia?

A

E. coli

47
Q

What causes pulpy kidney disease in sheep?

A

Clostridium perfringens type D in enterotoxemia

48
Q

What causes porcine pyelonephritis?

A

Actinobaculum suis

49
Q

What are appropriate diagnostic samples if abortion has happened?

A
  • placenta
  • fetal and dam serum
  • fetal organs
  • fetal abomasal fluid
50
Q

Ruminant abortigenic bacteria?

A
  • campylobacter fetus sub fetus
  • campylobacter fetus sub veneralis
  • Campylobacter jejuni
  • ureaplasma (placentitis and vulvitis)
51
Q

What causes contagious equine metritis?

A

Taylorella equigenitalis

52
Q

What does Taylorella equigenitalis cause?

A
  • temporary infertility and occasional abortion

- stallions are asymptomatic carriers

53
Q

What is the main cause of pyometra in dogs?

A

E. coli

54
Q

Canine brucellosis is caused by what bacteria?

A

Brucella Canis and Brucella suis

55
Q

Brucella suis can be seen in what animals mainly?

A

sine and hunting dogs

56
Q

When is canine brucellosis transmitted?

A

during breeding

57
Q

How does transmission occur for canine brucellosis?

A
  • nose and mouth contact with vaginal discharge from an infected female
  • semen or unine and can be Shed by intact or neuterured males for several years in chronic infections
58
Q

How do puppies become infected from canine brucellosis?

A

their mother during pregnancy by way of the placenta

59
Q

What type of testing is considered the gold standard for brucellosis?

A

blood for culture

60
Q

What is the only proven method for eradication of Brucellosis in kennels?

A

test all the dogs and eliminate the confirmed positives

61
Q

What antibiotics would you use for Brucellosis?

A

Tetracycline, Aminoglycosides, fluroqinolons

62
Q

Which strain of Brucella has the highest virulence?

A. Brucella abortus 
B. Brucella melitensis 
C. Brucella canis 
D. Brucelles suis 
E. Brucella ovis
A

D. Brucella suis

63
Q

Which Brucella has low asymptomatic disease with fever chills, fatigue, lymphadenomegaly and weight loss?

A

Brucella canis

Bacteriology Final (5 decks)

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