GI and Urogenital

Question 1

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A. Foal pneumonia is caused by Rhodococcus equi
B. R. equi is facoltative intracellular bacteria
C. R. equi is partially acid fast positive
D. Penicillin is the antibiotic of choice for treating R. equi

Answer 1

D. Penicillin is the antibiotic of choice for treating R. equi

• tx of choice are macrolide and Rifampin

Question 2

Which of the following bacteria is commonly associate with enterotoxemia in farm animals?

A. Clostridium perfringens
B. Clostridium chauvoei
C. E. coli
D. Salmonella

Answer 2

A. Clostridium perfringens

Question 3

What causes Johnes disease?

Answer 3

Mycobacterium avium sub paratuberculosis

Question 4

What is dysbiosis?

Answer 4

an alteration of the small intestinal microbiota in composition or numbers

Question 5

E. coli causes what type of pathogenesis?

Answer 5

colibacillosis/colisepticemia

Question 6

What causes neonatal diarrhea in calves, pigs, lambs, goats and humans?

Answer 6

E. coli

Question 7

ETEC causes what and what virulence factor?

Answer 7

diarrhea

VF: pili and enterotoxin

Question 8

EPEC causes what and what virulence factor?

Answer 8

diarrhea

VF: adhesion (intimin)

Question 9

EHEC (STEC) causes what and what virulence factors? (IMPORTANT)

Answer 9

diarrhea +/- systemic disease

VF: adhesions (intimin, pili) and shiga toxin

Question 10

What causes hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans?

Answer 10

E. coli 0157H7

Question 11

Salmonella in horses is the most commonly diagnosed infectious cause of diarrhea in what age of horse?

Answer 11

adults

Question 12

Salmonella in horses is often sporadic but outbreaks have been reported. True or false?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What appears to play as the major role in pathogenesis in horses with salmonella?

Answer 13

stress

Question 14

Severe lymphopenia is often seen in horses with Salmonella. True or false?

Answer 14

False (neutropenia)

Question 15

Antibiotic treatment is controversial in treating Salmonella in horses, however, what abx might be considered ok to reduce the symptoms?

Answer 15

low does polymixn because they bind to endotoxin

Question 16

What are two bacteria that are antibiotic induced diarrhea horses and rabbits?

Answer 16

Clostridium erfringens and Clostridium difficile

Question 17

What causes enterotoxemia? (clostridial sp)

Answer 17

Clostridium perfringens (types A-E)

Question 18

What antibiotics are contraindicated in horses and rabbits for Clostridium?

Answer 18

Lincomycin/clindamycin

Question 19

What causes Potomac horse fever?

Answer 19

Neorickettsia risticcii

Question 20

What does Neorickettsia risticcii infect (what cell types)?

Answer 20

epithelial cells, macrophages and monocytes

Question 21

What are the vectors of Neorickettsia risticcii?

Answer 21

snails and flies

Question 22

What does Neorickettsia risticii cause?

Answer 22

Seasonal occurrence necrotizing enterocolitis

Question 23

What does Rhodococcus equi cause?

Answer 23

enterocolitis and mesenteric lymphadenitis

Question 24

What causes Salmon poisoning in dogs?

Answer 24

ingestion of fluke Nanophytus salmincola which has Neorickettsia helminthoeca

Question 25

What does salmon poisoning cause?

Answer 25

- fatal granulomatous enterocolitis in dogs and foxes | - necrosis of the lymphoreticular system and hemorrhagic diarrhea

Question 26

For enteric diseases which type of sample is the most important to collect? (red in slide)

Answer 26

Fecal sample for culture

Question 27

In the liver, Fusobacterium necrophorum causes what in cattle?

Answer 27

liver abscess

Question 28

In the liver, what causes bacillary hemoglobinuria?

Answer 28

Clostridium hemolyticum

Question 29

What does Clostridium novyi (type B) cause in the liver of cattle?

Answer 29

- infectious necrotic hepatitis | - associated with liver fluke migration

Question 30

What are the hosts of Tyzzers disease?

Answer 30

foals and lab animals

Question 31

What is the bacterial species of Tyzzers disease?

Answer 31

Clostridium piliforme

Question 32

What bacterial species cause disease to the liver?

Answer 32

- leptospirosis - Yersinia pseudotuberculosis - Francisella tularensis - Salmonella - Brucella - Campylobacter - Listeriosis

Question 33

UTI in dogs and cats are most commonly caused by defending infections by organisms from the urogenital and GI tract. True or false?

Answer 33

False (ascending infections)

Question 34

Which bacteria is the most common isolate for a UTI?

Answer 34

E. coli

Question 35

UTIs are less common in dogs or cats?

Answer 35

cats (asymptomatic colonization and bacteriuria)

Question 36

What is the best method to collect urine for urine analysis? A. Free catch B. Cystocentesis C. Catheterization

Answer 36

B Cystocentesis

Question 37

What does leptospirosis cause?

Answer 37

Lymphoplasmacytic tubulointersitial nephritis

Question 38

What would the serum chemistry indicate in a leptospirosis infection?

Answer 38

Renal failure

Question 39

Actinobacillus equuli infects what age of horses?

Answer 39

Foals

Question 40

What is Actinobacillus equuli also called?

Answer 40

sleepy foal disease

Question 41

What does Actinobacillus equuli cause?

Answer 41

Suppurative glomerulonephritis

Question 42

What is the host of Erysipelothrix rusiopathiae?

Answer 42

pigs

Question 43

What are the hosts of Corynebacterium psuedotuberculosis?

Answer 43

Sheep and goat-;

Question 44

What causes granulomatous nephritis?

Answer 44

Mycobacterium sp. and fungal infections

Question 45

What causes pyelonephritis in adult cows?

Answer 45

Corynebacterium renal groups (C. renale, C. pilosum, C. cystitidis)

Question 46

What causes white spotted kidney in calves and interstitial nephritis following bacteremia and septicaemia?

Answer 46

E. coli

Question 47

What causes pulpy kidney disease in sheep?

Answer 47

Clostridium perfringens type D in enterotoxemia

Question 48

What causes porcine pyelonephritis?

Answer 48

Actinobaculum suis

Question 49

What are appropriate diagnostic samples if abortion has happened?

Answer 49

- placenta - fetal and dam serum - fetal organs - fetal abomasal fluid

Question 50

Ruminant abortigenic bacteria?

Answer 50

- campylobacter fetus sub fetus - campylobacter fetus sub veneralis - Campylobacter jejuni - ureaplasma (placentitis and vulvitis)

Question 51

What causes contagious equine metritis?

Answer 51

Taylorella equigenitalis

Question 52

What does Taylorella equigenitalis cause?

Answer 52

- temporary infertility and occasional abortion | - stallions are asymptomatic carriers

Question 53

What is the main cause of pyometra in dogs?

Answer 53

E. coli

Question 54

Canine brucellosis is caused by what bacteria?

Answer 54

Brucella Canis and Brucella suis

Question 55

Brucella suis can be seen in what animals mainly?

Answer 55

sine and hunting dogs

Question 56

When is canine brucellosis transmitted?

Answer 56

during breeding

Question 57

How does transmission occur for canine brucellosis?

Answer 57

- nose and mouth contact with vaginal discharge from an infected female - semen or unine and can be Shed by intact or neuterured males for several years in chronic infections

Question 58

How do puppies become infected from canine brucellosis?

Answer 58

their mother during pregnancy by way of the placenta

Question 59

What type of testing is considered the gold standard for brucellosis?

Answer 59

blood for culture

Question 60

What is the only proven method for eradication of Brucellosis in kennels?

Answer 60

test all the dogs and eliminate the confirmed positives

Question 61

What antibiotics would you use for Brucellosis?

Answer 61

Tetracycline, Aminoglycosides, fluroqinolons

Question 62

Which strain of Brucella has the highest virulence? ``` A. Brucella abortus B. Brucella melitensis C. Brucella canis D. Brucelles suis E. Brucella ovis ```

Answer 62

D. Brucella suis

Question 63

Which Brucella has low asymptomatic disease with fever chills, fatigue, lymphadenomegaly and weight loss?

Answer 63

Brucella canis