GI and Urogenital Flashcards
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. Foal pneumonia is caused by Rhodococcus equi
B. R. equi is facoltative intracellular bacteria
C. R. equi is partially acid fast positive
D. Penicillin is the antibiotic of choice for treating R. equi
D. Penicillin is the antibiotic of choice for treating R. equi
- tx of choice are macrolide and Rifampin
Which of the following bacteria is commonly associate with enterotoxemia in farm animals?
A. Clostridium perfringens
B. Clostridium chauvoei
C. E. coli
D. Salmonella
A. Clostridium perfringens
What causes Johnes disease?
Mycobacterium avium sub paratuberculosis
What is dysbiosis?
an alteration of the small intestinal microbiota in composition or numbers
E. coli causes what type of pathogenesis?
colibacillosis/colisepticemia
What causes neonatal diarrhea in calves, pigs, lambs, goats and humans?
E. coli
ETEC causes what and what virulence factor?
diarrhea
VF: pili and enterotoxin
EPEC causes what and what virulence factor?
diarrhea
VF: adhesion (intimin)
EHEC (STEC) causes what and what virulence factors? (IMPORTANT)
diarrhea +/- systemic disease
VF: adhesions (intimin, pili) and shiga toxin
What causes hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans?
E. coli 0157H7
Salmonella in horses is the most commonly diagnosed infectious cause of diarrhea in what age of horse?
adults
Salmonella in horses is often sporadic but outbreaks have been reported. True or false?
True
What appears to play as the major role in pathogenesis in horses with salmonella?
stress
Severe lymphopenia is often seen in horses with Salmonella. True or false?
False (neutropenia)
Antibiotic treatment is controversial in treating Salmonella in horses, however, what abx might be considered ok to reduce the symptoms?
low does polymixn because they bind to endotoxin
What are two bacteria that are antibiotic induced diarrhea horses and rabbits?
Clostridium erfringens and Clostridium difficile
What causes enterotoxemia? (clostridial sp)
Clostridium perfringens (types A-E)
What antibiotics are contraindicated in horses and rabbits for Clostridium?
Lincomycin/clindamycin
What causes Potomac horse fever?
Neorickettsia risticcii
What does Neorickettsia risticcii infect (what cell types)?
epithelial cells, macrophages and monocytes
What are the vectors of Neorickettsia risticcii?
snails and flies
What does Neorickettsia risticii cause?
Seasonal occurrence necrotizing enterocolitis
What does Rhodococcus equi cause?
enterocolitis and mesenteric lymphadenitis
What causes Salmon poisoning in dogs?
ingestion of fluke Nanophytus salmincola which has Neorickettsia helminthoeca
What does salmon poisoning cause?
- fatal granulomatous enterocolitis in dogs and foxes
- necrosis of the lymphoreticular system and hemorrhagic diarrhea
For enteric diseases which type of sample is the most important to collect? (red in slide)
Fecal sample for culture
In the liver, Fusobacterium necrophorum causes what in cattle?
liver abscess
In the liver, what causes bacillary hemoglobinuria?
Clostridium hemolyticum
What does Clostridium novyi (type B) cause in the liver of cattle?
- infectious necrotic hepatitis
- associated with liver fluke migration
What are the hosts of Tyzzers disease?
foals and lab animals
What is the bacterial species of Tyzzers disease?
Clostridium piliforme
What bacterial species cause disease to the liver?
- leptospirosis
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
- Francisella tularensis
- Salmonella
- Brucella
- Campylobacter
- Listeriosis
UTI in dogs and cats are most commonly caused by defending infections by organisms from the urogenital and GI tract. True or false?
False (ascending infections)
Which bacteria is the most common isolate for a UTI?
E. coli
UTIs are less common in dogs or cats?
cats (asymptomatic colonization and bacteriuria)
What is the best method to collect urine for urine analysis?
A. Free catch
B. Cystocentesis
C. Catheterization
B Cystocentesis
What does leptospirosis cause?
Lymphoplasmacytic tubulointersitial nephritis
What would the serum chemistry indicate in a leptospirosis infection?
Renal failure
Actinobacillus equuli infects what age of horses?
Foals
What is Actinobacillus equuli also called?
sleepy foal disease
What does Actinobacillus equuli cause?
Suppurative glomerulonephritis
What is the host of Erysipelothrix rusiopathiae?
pigs
What are the hosts of Corynebacterium psuedotuberculosis?
Sheep and goat-;
What causes granulomatous nephritis?
Mycobacterium sp. and fungal infections
What causes pyelonephritis in adult cows?
Corynebacterium renal groups (C. renale, C. pilosum, C. cystitidis)
What causes white spotted kidney in calves and interstitial nephritis following bacteremia and septicaemia?
E. coli
What causes pulpy kidney disease in sheep?
Clostridium perfringens type D in enterotoxemia
What causes porcine pyelonephritis?
Actinobaculum suis
What are appropriate diagnostic samples if abortion has happened?
- placenta
- fetal and dam serum
- fetal organs
- fetal abomasal fluid
Ruminant abortigenic bacteria?
- campylobacter fetus sub fetus
- campylobacter fetus sub veneralis
- Campylobacter jejuni
- ureaplasma (placentitis and vulvitis)
What causes contagious equine metritis?
Taylorella equigenitalis
What does Taylorella equigenitalis cause?
- temporary infertility and occasional abortion
- stallions are asymptomatic carriers
What is the main cause of pyometra in dogs?
E. coli
Canine brucellosis is caused by what bacteria?
Brucella Canis and Brucella suis
Brucella suis can be seen in what animals mainly?
sine and hunting dogs
When is canine brucellosis transmitted?
during breeding
How does transmission occur for canine brucellosis?
- nose and mouth contact with vaginal discharge from an infected female
- semen or unine and can be Shed by intact or neuterured males for several years in chronic infections
How do puppies become infected from canine brucellosis?
their mother during pregnancy by way of the placenta
What type of testing is considered the gold standard for brucellosis?
blood for culture
What is the only proven method for eradication of Brucellosis in kennels?
test all the dogs and eliminate the confirmed positives
What antibiotics would you use for Brucellosis?
Tetracycline, Aminoglycosides, fluroqinolons
Which strain of Brucella has the highest virulence?
A. Brucella abortus B. Brucella melitensis C. Brucella canis D. Brucelles suis E. Brucella ovis
D. Brucella suis
Which Brucella has low asymptomatic disease with fever chills, fatigue, lymphadenomegaly and weight loss?
Brucella canis
