nervous Flashcards
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system
all nerves that branch off from brain and spine
-sends signals both directions
afferent
picks up sensory stimuli
efferent
motor- sends directions from brain to muscles and glands
motor/efferent divisions
- somatic- voluntary
2. autonomic-involuntary
autonomic divisions
- sympathetic- mobilizes action
2. parasympathetic- relaxes
glial cell types
- astocytes- blood support
- microglial- immunity protect
- ependymal cells- line cavaties/ spinal fluid
- oligodendrocytes- wrap and insulate (myelin sheath)
peripheral NS glial cell types
- satellite cells-surround neuron cell bodies
2. schwann cells- insulate (myelin sheath)
sensory neurons
afferent, transmit impulses from sensory receptors to CNS, mostly unipolar
motor neurons
efferent, impulse moves from CNS to rest of body, mostly multipolar
interneurons
association neurons in CNS, most abundant, impulse moves between sensory and motor, multipolar
resting membrane potential
-70
charge needed for action potential
-55
depolarization charge
+40
saltatory conduction
leaping with myelin sheath
seratonin
mainly inhibitory, regulates mood, appetite, and sleep
dopamine
influence emotion and attention, feel great
norepinephrine
can be hormone (adrenals) or neurotransmiter
fight or flight response
brocas area
produce and process language
cerebellum
coordinates muscular activity
midbrain
process sensory info
frontal lobe
governs muscle movement, motor skills, and cognitive functions
occipital lobe
process visual cues
parietal lobe
prosess sensation of touch, pain, and pressure
temporal lobe
auditory infor and language
hippocampus
short term memory
amygdala
sexual and social behavior
thalamus
“information switchboard”
nociceptors
pain
acetylcholine (Ach)
neurotransmiter used in sympathetic nervous synapse communication (preganglionci)
cranial nerve 1-3
“onward old orks”
- olfactory
- optic
- oculomotor
cranial nerve 4-6
“toward the argonath”
- trochlear -single eye muscle
- trigeminal- face and jaw
- abducens- eye muscle
cranial nerve 7-9
“for a great”
- facial nerve- expressions
- auditory
- glossopharyngeal- tongue and pharynx
cranial nerve 10-12
“villian, slay hobbits”
- vagus- heart and digestive tract
- spinal accessory- moving head and shoulders
- hypoglossal- swallow, talk
motor, sensory, both?
“some say marry money but my brother says big brains matter more”