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Oral Anatomy > Nerves - Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Nerves - Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial Nerve V:

A

Trigeminal nerve

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2
Q

Cranial Nerve VII:

A

Facial nerve

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3
Q

Cranial Nerve IX:

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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4
Q

Cranial Nerve XII:

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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5
Q

Trigeminal Nerve

Fifth Cranial Nerve

A

Afferent (sensory = “I feel, taste”) • Efferent (motor; make it “move”) • Secretory (to glands: salivary)
• Proprioceptive receptors provide sense of position as in periodontal ligaments and TMJ

Originates in the Trigeminal ganglion
• Three divisions:

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6
Q

3 Divisions of trigeminal nerve

A

Division I = ophthalmic (not to mouth)
– Division II = maxillary (to all maxillary teeth)
– Division III = mandibular (to all mandibular teeth and muscles of mastication)

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7
Q

Sense of position or proprioception

A

Proprioceptive receptors in muscles and ligaments (including the periodontal ligament) provide the brain info of position of teeth and mandible at all times) Division I and II

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8
Q

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V): Division I (Ophthalmic Nerve)

A

Exitscraniumvia superior orbital fissure (sphenoid) to upper third of face, eye ball, superior eyelid, nose, maxillary sinus forehead, and scalp

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9
Q

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V): Division II (Maxillary Nerve)

A

Exitscraniumviaforamenrotundum (sphenoid) into the pterygopalatine space

First Branch: Pterygopalatine Branch

b. Second Branch: Posterior Superior Alveolar (PSA) Nerve
c. ThirdBranch:Infraorbital Nerve
d. Fourth Branch: Zygomatic Nerve

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10
Q

Maxillary Division II: Pterygopalatine Branches

A

Descending palatine- Greater palatine branch goes to mucosa of posterior two-thirds of hard palate and gingiva
• Nasopalatinebranch goes to anterior one- third of hard palate
• Middle and Posterior or Lesser palatine branch goes to tonsils and soft palate

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11
Q

Greaterpalatine

A

enters palate through greater palatine foramen

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12
Q

Nasopalatinebranch

A

enters palate through incisive foramen

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13
Q

MiddleandPosterior palatine

A

enters through lesser palatine foramina

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14
Q

Posterior Superior Alveolar PSA nerve

A

PSAseparatesfromthe maxillary nerve before its entry into the infraorbital fissure. Enters the maxillae behind and above third molars through alveolar canals
• Goestomaxillary molars: pulps, ligaments, alveolar bone, facial gingiva

• Passagewayseen behind maxillae

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15
Q

Infraorbital Branch

A

While in infraorbital canal, gives off MSA (middle superior alveolar) branches to premolar
pulps and mesiobuccal root max 1 molar as well as facial gingiva, bone and ligament and ASA (anterior superior alveolar) branches to anterior teeth, facial gingiva, part of sinus etc.

Goesthrough infraorbital canal (roof of maxillary sinus) giving off ASA, MSA
• Terminal branches out of infraorbital foramen to upper lip, nose etc.

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16
Q

Zygomatic Branch

A

Supplies skin of temporal and orbit region (not to mouth)

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17
Q

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V): Division III (Mandibular Nerve)

A

Branches

a. Auriculotemporal Nerve
b. Buccal (or Long Buccal or Buccinator) Nerve c. Lingual Nerve
d. Inferior Alveolar Nerve

Exitscraniumvia foramen ovale

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18
Q

Auriculotemporal Branch mand div 3

A
  • Provides sensation to outer ear and skin of the face anterior to the ear
  • ProvidesproprioceptiontoTMJ
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19
Q

Buccal Nerve Branch Mand div 3

A

Goesthrough infratemporal space (between heads of lateral pterygoid muscles) to buccal gingiva of molars and premolars (and buccal mucosa and skin of cheeks up to corner of mouth (commissure )

Goes lateral to ramus, to cheek and mucosa/gingiva next to molars

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20
Q

Mandibular Division II: Lingual Nerve Branch

A

Passesmedialtoramus but lateral to medial pterygoid muscles
• Generalsensationto anterior two-thirds of tongue and lingual gingiva in mandible

Passesmedialtoramus but lateral to medial pterygoid muscles

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21
Q

Inferior Alveolar Nerve: Terminal Branches

A

Mental branch, incisive branch

22
Q

Mental branch

A

exits mandible via mental foramen; goes to lower lip, anterior facial gingiva

23
Q

Incisive branch

A

is continuation of inferior alveolar within mandible to anterior pulps

24
Q

d. Mandibular Division III: Inferior Alveolar nerve

A

Before entering the mandible gives the mylohyoid branch (to mylohyoid and anterior belly)
• Entersmandibularforamen
• While in the canal provides for to mandibular premolars and molars pulps, ligaments, surrounding alveolar bone

25
Q

Mandibular Division II: Motor Branches Go to Muscles of Mastication

A

• Branchestomusclesof mastication:
– Masseteric (Masseter +TMJ)
– Posterior and anterior temporal
– Medial pterygoid – Lateral pterygoid

26
Q

Facial Nerve (Seventh Cranial Nerve)

A

Mix nerve (efferent and afferent branches).• Exit brain case via internal acoustic meatus into petrous part of temporal bone

Branches exit temporal bone:
– Via petrotympanic fissure becoming chorda tympani (taste) joining lingual branch of CN V to anterior two- thirds of tongue
– Via stylomastoid foramen for efferent fibers

Efferentfibersgoto many muscles of facial expression posterior belly, stylohyoid and platysma
• Secretoryfibersgoto submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

27
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Ninth Cranial Nerve)

A

• Exitscraniumvia jugular foramen

Via jugular foramen
– Afferent fibers to posterior one-third of tongue for general sensation and taste also pharynx, and tonsils
– Secretory fibers to parotid gland
– Efferent fibers to muscles of the pharynx

28
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve (12th Cranial Nerve)

A

• Exitscraniumvia hypoglossal canal (on walls of foramen magnum)
Efferentfibersgoto the muscles that move the tongue

29
Q

Afferent fibers to the tongue

A

– CN V: anterior two-thirds general sensation
– CN VII: anterior two-thirds taste
– CN IX: posterior two-thirds general sensation and taste

30
Q

Efferent fibers to the tongue

A

– CN XII: tongue muscles

31
Q

Palatoglossus(tonguemuscle)isinnervatedby

A

CNX.

32
Q

Secretory fibers to salivary glands:

A

– CN VII: to submandibular and sublingual glands

– CN IX: to parotid glands

33
Q

Arteries That Supply Blood to the Oral Cavity

A

Blood to mouth comes via left ventricle of heart to aorta, then to external carotid, which has the important maxillary artery with branches to all upper and lower teeth
• Many arteries from the heart join with nerves from the brain (in the area medial to the ramus) and have the same name as the nerve to that location

34
Q

Branches of the external carotid

A

Lingual to tongue, floor of the mouth, sublingual gland and adjacent gingiva
– Facial to soft palate, tonsils, pharynx, chin, floor of the mouth, lips, and nose
– Maxillary to all maxillary and mandibular teeth and muscles of mastication

35
Q

Lingual

A

l to tongue, floor of the mouth, sublingual gland and adjacent gingiva

36
Q

Facial

A

to soft palate, tonsils, pharynx, chin, floor of the mouth, lips, and nose

37
Q

Maxillary

A

to all maxillary and mandibular teeth and muscles of mastication

38
Q

Maxillary Artery Branches (in Three Groups)

A

Arteries to mandible:
Arteries to muscles
Arteries to maxillae

39
Q

Arteries to maxillae

A

– Pterygopalatine part : PSA (molars) , infraorbital branches ASA, MSA (premolars and anterior teeth) ; descending palatine ( nasal cavity, palate and lingual gingiva

40
Q

Arteries to muscle

A 
Pterygoid part ( muscles of mastication and
buccinator muscle)
41
Q

Arteries to mandible:

A

Mandibular part : Inferior alveolar (molars and premolars), mental (chin , lower lip), and incisive (anterior teeth)

42
Q

Common facial vein

A

• Veins drain blood from the face into the common facial vein

43
Q

pterygoid plexus

A

• Blood from the upper part of the face, including maxillary teeth is collected by the pterygoid plexus

The pterygoid plexus empties into the maxillary vein and into the Retromandibular vein

44
Q

The inferior alveolar v.

A

The inferior alveolar v. drains the mandible and lower teeth into the pterygoid plexus

45
Q

The facial v.

A

runs parallel to the facial artey collect from the superior , inferior labial v. and muscles of mastication, nose and eyes. Blood from tongue is collected by the Lingual vein

46
Q

Lingual vein

A

Collects blood from tongue

47
Q

All orofacial veins drain via the common facial vein into internal jugular vein - superior vena cava - heart

A

x

48
Q

Lymph nodes Drain Fluids of the Face and Neck

A

Parotid
Submental
Submandibular

All drain to cervical nodes

49
Q

Parotid nodes

A

nodes drain cheek, ear and eyelids

50
Q

Submental nodes

A

nodes drain tip of tongue, anterior part of lower lip, anterior part of floor of mouth and mandibular incisors

51
Q

Submandibular nodes

A

Submandibular nodes (drain other maxillary and mandibular teeth as well as posterior floor, tongue upper lip and part of lower lip )

Oral Anatomy (11 decks)

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