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Oral Anatomy > Anatomy of Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Anatomy of Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Retromolar pad

A

Tissue covering retromolar

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2
Q

Fornix

A

Deepest part of fornix.

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3
Q

Dental anomalies

A

Related to embryonic development. Excess, absence or deformity of a body part. Common on maxillary arch, less so on mandibular arch. More common on permanent dentition.

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4
Q

Anodontia

A

Absence of teeth- total and partial.

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5
Q

Adentuous

A

No teeth because of extraction.

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6
Q

Ectoderm

A

responsible for generating teeth, nails, hair, sebaceous and salivary glands.

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7
Q

Ectodermal displasia

A

No teeth, no eyebrows, no hair, teeth, nails, glands.

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8
Q

Partial anodontia

A

Most commonly missing adult teeth: third molars (especially max.), max lateral incisors 1-2% of pop, mandibular second premolars 1%.

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9
Q

Missing primary

A

Mandibular central incisors - occasionally permanent mand. central incisor is also missing. Very rare anomaly.

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10
Q

Extra or supernumerary teeth

A

Permanent dentitions and 90% of max arch. Low occurance in primary dentition. Max incisor area, third molar area, mand. premolar area.

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11
Q

Extra max central incisor

A

Sometimes missing lateral. Most common area for having a spare tooth.

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12
Q

Mesiodens

A

Develop from a single lobe.Mesiodens located on midline

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13
Q

Extra molars ** check this, this doesn’t make too much sense.

A

Paramolar: located buccal or lingual
Distomolar: behind molars.
Fourth molar: located buccal or lingual

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14
Q

Gardner Syndrome

A

Too many damn teeth.

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15
Q

Malformed third molars

A

Can adopt any shape. Can fuse at rootline, or have some heavy flexion or distortion. Many tubercles can be present.

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16
Q

Peg shaped max lateral incisors

A

Crown anomaly - one lobed - similar in shape to mesiodens.

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17
Q

Peg shaped max central incisors

A

Exactly what it sounds like. Usually no max lateral.

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18
Q

Gemination

A

Twinning. One crown double in width, one root, on pulp chamber and canal. Looks like 2 (twins), (primary and anteiror). One germ divides or splits (should normally form a single tooth).

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19
Q

Fusion

A

Two adjacent crowns fuse and appear double in width (two roots, two pulp chambers and canals). Need to differentiate this from gemination. During development, germs fuse.

Sometimes this can happen with supernumerary paramolar fused to a third molar.

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20
Q

Hutchinson’s Incisors

A

Congenital Syphilis. When a mother has syphilis, child will likely die, but child can survive (unlikely). Certain teeth have a shape to them because of this. Wide at CEJ, have a notch on incisal edge - do not confuse with gemination or twinning. Called screwdriver shape.

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21
Q

Mulberry molars

A

first molars - have a lot of little tubercles on occlusal surface. Again, a result of syphilis.

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22
Q

Accessory cusps, tubercles and ridges

A

What this sounds like.

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23
Q

Unusually prominent ridge on facial of max central incisor

A

Kinda looks like a canine.

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24
Q

Tuberculum intermedium

A

Third (middle) lingual cusp on mand molars.

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25
Q

Talon cusp

A

Similar to extra lingual cusp.

26
Q

Overgrown marginal ridge

A

Talon cusp - can have groove that extends into root surface. Max lateral.

27
Q

Variations in tooth size

A

Macrodontia affects incisors and canines, microdontia affects max lateral incisors and third molars.

28
Q

Shovel shaped max incisors

A

More common in american indians, asian, mongoloid and eskimos.

29
Q

Dilaceration vs flexion

A

Severe bending. NOT the same thing, often used as if the same.

Main difference is that flexion is that there is a deviation at root level. Dilaceration - flexion takes place between crown and root.

30
Q

Enamel pearls

A

Often near furcation of molars. Little pearls of enamel with a tiny pore of dentin inside. These are troublesome, cause a lack of periodontum attachment in the area.

31
Q

Taurodontia

A

Bull tooth - molars. Found in neanderthals, native americans, eskimos. Large pulp cavity - little to no constriction in roots. Looks like two pulp chambers opposing each other.

32
Q

Dens in dente

A

Tooth within a tooth. Dens invaginatus. Very prone to decay- seal this right away. Affects 5% of population.

33
Q

Hypercementosis

A

Thickening of cementum - a lot of it - trauma or metabolic dysfunction, or infection. This happens after development. NOT EMBRYOLOGICAL. In essence, a webbed tooth.

34
Q

Concrescence of roots

A

Do not confuse with fusion. Joining of cementum of adjacent teeth after eruption. Fusion happens during development.

35
Q

Dwarfed roots

A

Hereditary or orthodontic movement. Halts root growth, making it too short.

36
Q

Extra accessory roots

A

Common in third molars, and mand first and second. Mandibular canine commonly has 2 roots. Premolar can have buccal and lingual roots. Can also be found on primary canines (very very rare). Max first premolars can have 3 roots - two buccal, one lingual.

37
Q

Tooth position anomalies

A

Impacted - unerupted
Transposition - tooth coming in to nose - ectopic eruption.
Tooth rotation
Ankylosis

38
Q

Impacted

A

In wrong position because of root position - unerupted. It cannot erupt because of this.

39
Q

Transposition

A

Malpositioned lateral incisors and canines switch places.

40
Q

Rotated max second premolar

A

Tooth position anomaly.

41
Q

Ankylosis

A

Failure to complete eruption due to trauma or infection. Loss of periodontal ligament, root fused to bone.

42
Q

Enamel dysplasia

A

Abnormal enamel formation

  • amelogenesis imperfecta
  • fluorosis
  • enamel damage from high fever
  • focal hypermaturation
43
Q

Dentin dysplasia

A

Abnormal dentin formation

  • Dentinogenesis imperfecta
  • tetracycline stain.
44
Q

Infraversion

A

Tooth does not reach occlusal plane.

45
Q

Supraversion

A

Tooth passes occlusal plane

46
Q

Labial/lingualversion

A

What it sounds like.

47
Q

Amelogenesis imperfecta

A

Faulty enamel formation - hereditary total or partial lack of enamel. Both dentitions tend to have this. Have pitted surface, you can usually see dentin underneath. Tend to be brown/yellow in color. Look rough in terms of surface.

48
Q

Fluorosis

A

From too much fluoride during tooth formation. Mild = mottled enamel
severe = pitted enamel.

49
Q

Pitted enamel

A

Damage due to high fever. As a result of this, there can be a problem with enamel development. Usually on occlusal 1/3rd.

50
Q

Enamel hypoplasia

A

Hypomaturation - local or generalized. Focal enamel hypoplasia (turner’s tooth - from local trauma or infection - like an abscess on primary tooth). Used often in archeology.

51
Q

Dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

Faulty dentin formation - hereditaryin both dentitions. These teeth have no pulp chamber- only enamel, no dentin. Extremely prone to decay. Teeth look very opalescent.

52
Q

Biliary Atrisia

A

Confused with amelogenesis imperfecta. When you see stripes of green on incisal or cervical surfaces. This means that this person can have a blockage of the biliary duct that connects liver with gall bladder.

53
Q

Tetracycline stain

A

Drug taken while tooth forming in embryo - causes a different in color and stain. Age 8 or 9+ is when you can start giving this drug. This affects the dentin, not enamel.

54
Q

Reactions to injury

A
  1. Attrition
  2. Abrasion
  3. Abfraction
  4. Erosion
55
Q

Attrition

A

Wear of enamel and dentin due to opposing tooth contact - bruxism.

56
Q

Abrasion

A

Wear of tooth structure by mechanical means - tooth brush, tooth pick, tobacco. Abrasive products, incorrect tooth brushing.

57
Q

Abfraction

A

Bending of tooth due to heavy occlusion with enamel chipping off at cervical.

58
Q

Erosion

A

Wear of tooth structure due to chemical agents. Citric acids, carbonated beverages, bulimic patients.

59
Q

Bruxism

A

Normally teeth contact 20-40 minutes a day. Patients with this contact 40 minutes every hour during the evening - attrition.

60
Q

More unusual

A

Mand molars with max molar anatomy.

Oral Anatomy (11 decks)

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