nerves of the neck Flashcards
what are the 5 nerves of the neck?
CN IX X XI and XII and sympathetic trunk IX- glossopharyngeal X- vagus XI- accessory XII- hypoglossal sympathetic trunk
what are the 6 branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
Tympanic Tonsillar Branch to Carotid Sinus Branch to Stylopharyngeus Pharyngeal Lingual
tympanic branch is sensory to?
tympanic cavity and secretomotor to parotid
branch to carotid sinus is sensory to?
carotid body and sinus
pharyngeal branch is sensory to?
pharynx
branch of stylopharyngeus is MOTOR to?
stylopharyngeus muscle
tonsillar branch is sensory to?
mucous membrane over tonsil and soft palate
lingual branch supplies taste and general sensation to?
posterior 3rd of tongue
which branch senses pain in otitis media?
tympanic nerve
which branch senses sore throat and aids in swallowing?
pharyngeal branch
Which is the longest cranial nerve?
Vagus
What are the 2 vagus ganglia?
Superior/jugular ganglia
Inferior/nodose ganglia
What are the 5 branches of the vagus nerve in the head and neck?
Meningeal Auricular Pharyngeal Superior Laryngeal Recurrent Laryngeal
The meningeal and auricular arise from what?
Superior ganglion
The pharyngeal branch of the vagus arises from?
Inferior ganglion
What does the pharyngeal branch of the vagus join with to form a pharyngeal plexus?
It joins with branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve and sympathetic trunk to form the plexus
The pharyngeal plexus is motor to all of the muscle of the pharynx and soft palate except?
Stylopharyngeus- glossopharyngeal
tensor veli palatini- trigeminal
What does the superior laryngeal nerve arise from and divide into?
Arises from inferior ganglion and divides into internal and external laryngeal
The internal laryngeal is sensory or motor?
Sensory- to mucous membrane of larynx
The external laryngeal is sensory or motor?
Motor- cricothyroid and inferior constrictor muscles
What is the most important nerve of the larynx?
Recurrent laryngeal
Is the recurrent laryngeal sensory or motor?
Both
S-mucous membrane of larynx below vocal folds and to trachea
M- all muscles of larynx except cricothyroid
What are the 2 parts of the accessory nerve?
Cranial part and spinal part
The cranial part of the accessory nerve joins with what just above the inferior vagal ganglion?
Vagus nerve
The cranial part of the accessory nerve supplies the vagus with motor fibers which travel to which 2 branches of the vagus nerve?
Pharyngeal branch
Recurrent laryngeal
The spinal part of the accessory nerve is motor to what?
The SCM and trapezius muscles
What is the hypoglossal nerve CN XII motor to?
Has nothing to do with taste, it’s motor to the tongue
What are the 4 branches of the hypoglossal nerve?
Meningeal Branches
Superior root of ansa cervicalis
Nerves to thyrohyoid and geniohyoid
Lingual branches- motor to extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of tongue
Preganglionic sympathetic fibers which supply structures of the head and neck originate from?
T1-T3
Postganglionic fibers distribute from the ganglia to?
Blood vessels, smooth muscle and glands of head and neck
What are the 4 branches of cervical sympathetic ganglia
Superior cervical ganglion
Middle cervical ganglion
Vertebral ganglion
Cervicothoracic (stellate) ganglion
Which is the largest sympathetic ganglion in the body?
Superior cervical ganglion- provides sympathetic innervation to everything in the head
What are the branches of the superior cervical ganglion?
Internal carotid nerve
Branches to the pharyngeal plexus
Superior Cervical Cardiac Nerve
IBS
The middle cervical ganglion gives rise to what?
A branch to the thyroid gland
What is the branch of the middle cervical ganglion?
Middle cervical cardiac nerve
The vertebral ganglion lies where
C7- sometimes is fused and gives off a branch to plexus along vertebral artery
What is the ansa subclavia?
A nerve bundle which loops anterior to the subclavian artery connecting the vertebral ganglion to the cervicothoracic ganglion
