deep structures of the neck Flashcards
what are the 4 layers of deep cervical fascia?
- investing layer
- pretracheal
- prevertebral
- carotid sheath
what does the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia enclose?
SCM and trapezius
what does the pretracheal fascia enclose?
thyroid gland, trachea and esophagus
what does the pre vertebral fascia enclose?
vertebral column and deep muscles of the back
where does the carotid sheath extend?
from base of skull to root of neck
what are the 5 structures the carotid sheath contains?
common carotid internal carotid internal jugular vagus nerve deep cervical lymph nodes
which structure exits the sheath before giving off its branches in the neck?
external carotid artery
what is the superior thoracic aperture?
opening through which structures of neck pass into thorax
what are the boundaries of the superior thoracic aperture or inlet?
1st thoracic vertebra
first ribs and their cartilage
manubrium of sternum
what are the 4 arteries that pass through the thoracic aperture?
Brachiocephalic trunk
Internal thoracic
Left common carotid
Left subclavian
BILL
what is the vein that passes through the thoracic aperture?
brachiocephalic
what are the 4 nerves that pass through the thoracic aperture?
Phrenic
Recurrent laryngeal
Vagus
Sympathetic trunk
People Run Very Slow
what are the viscera that pass through the thoracic aperture?
Trachea Esophagus Cervical Pleura Apex of Lung Thymus
what is the name of a collapsed lung?
atelectasis
what does the thymus do?
part of the immune system- produces t-lymphocytes
what is the blood supply to the thymus?
internal thoracic artery
what innervates the thymus?
stellate ganglion of sympathetic trunk and vagus
what does the thyroid gland produce?
thyroxine and calcitonin
where does the thyroid gland lie?
C5-T1
what are the 3 anatomical variations of the thyroid gland?
pyramidal lobe- 50%
levator glandulae thyroidae- connects isthmus to hyoid
thyroid ima artery- from brachiocephalic trunk, always on right side 10% of people
what are the 2 arteries supplying the thyroid gland?
superior and inferior thyroid arteries
what are the 3 veins of the thyroid?
superior, middle and inferior
what is the innervation of the thyroid gland?
superior, middle and inferior cervical sympathetic ganglia
which nerve lies on the posterior surface of the thyroid lobe and then deep to the lobe?
recurrent laryngeal nerve- most important nerve of larynx
what do the parathyroid glands do?
calcium homeostasis
how many parathyroid glands are there?
usually 4 but varies from 2-6
where are the parathyroid glands located?
small ovoid bodies located on posterior surface of thyroid gland
what is the blood supply to the parathyroid?
superior and inferior thyroid arteries
what is the innervation of the parathyroid glands?
from inferior or middle cervical sympathetic ganglia
what is another name for the trachea and where does it begin?
“windpipe”
begins at larynx at C6
what are the walls of the trachea supported by?
cartilaginous rings to prevent collapse
what is the blood supply to the trachea?
inferior thyroid artery
what is the innervation of the trachea?
recurrent laryngeal nerve (sensory and motor)
where is the esophagus and what does it do?
begins at C6 and lies posterior to trachea and connects pharynx to stomach
