muscles of the pharynx Flashcards
what are the 2 layers of muscles in the pharynx?
external (circular)
longitudinal
what are the 3 muscles of the external (circular) layer?
inferior, middle and superior constrictor muscles
the 3 external (circular) muscles are all innervated by the same nerve and have the same function. What is it?
vagus nerve via pharyngeal plexus
function: contract the pharynx during swallowing
all 3 external/circular muscles insert where?
pharyngeal raphe
what is the origin of the inferior constrictor muscle?
cricoid and thyroid cartilage
what is the origin of the middle constrictor muscle?
greater and lesser horns of hyoid bone
what is the origin of the superior constrictor muscle?
medial pterygoid plate, alveolar part of mandible, side of tongue
what is the specialized band of muscle formed by the superior constrictor which helps to seal the pharyngeal isthmus during swallowing?
palatopharyngeal sphincter
what are the 3 muscles of the longitudinal layer?
stylopharyngeus- deepest
palatopharyngeus
salpingopharyngeus** Dr. Duray’s favorite trumpet/tube
what is the origin and insertion of the stylopharyngeus muscle?
O: styloid process
I: thyroid cartilage, some fibers blend with constrictors
what is the origin and insertion of the palatopharygeus?
O: soft palate
I: wall of pharynx, thyroid cartilage
what is the origin and insertion of the salpingopharyngeus?
O: torus tubarius and opening of pharyngotympanic tube
I: wall of pharynx
what nerve innervates both the palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus as well as all the external/circular muscles?
vagus nerve CN X via the pharyngeal plexus
what is the one muscle with different nerve innervation and what is it innervated by?
stylopharyngeus- glossopharyngeal CN IX
what is the one action all longitudinal muscles share?
they all elevate the pharynx
