Nerves, Blood Vessels, and Lymphatics Flashcards
What is the difference between the points where the femoral artery and femoral nerve pass to enter the thigh?
Femoral artery: mid-inguinal point
Femoral nerve: mid-point of inguinal ligament
Which structure DOES NOT pass through the adductor hiatus?
Femoral nerve; goes through adductor canal only
How does the order of vessels and nerves change in the adductor canal?
From VAN to NAV (medial to lateral); saphenous nerve becomes most medial by crossing the femoral vessels; femoral artery crosses vein to become medial to it
What is the order of the popliteal vessels and the sciatic nerve in the posterior of the thigh?
From NAV to AVN (medial to lateral)
How does the order of the popliteal vessels and the sciatic nerve change at the lower end of the popliteal fossa?
From AVN to ANV; at this point sciatic nerve has split; tibial nerve comes to lie in between artery and vein
How many branches does the femoral artery give off?
6; 5 in the femoral triangle; 1 in the adductor canal
Name the 5 branches given off by the femoral artery in the femoral triangle
- superficial epigastric artery
- superficial circumflex iliac artery
- superficial external pudendal artery
- deep external pudendal artery
- profunda femoris
What structures pierce the cribiform fascia?
- great saphenous vein
- superficial external pudendal artery
- lymphatic vessels
- superficial epigastric artery
- Accessory saphenous vein/posteromedial vein of thigh
How many centimeters below the inguinal ligament does the profunda femoris artery arise?
~3.5 cm
The descending genicular artery of the femoral artery anastomoses with the……. of the knee joint.
superior medial genicular artery
At which point does the medial circumflex femoral artery give off its branches?
brevis upper border
True or false: The Medial Circumflex Femoral artery is the highest branch of the profunda femoris artery
True
Which division of the profunda femoris artery is below the lateral circumflex iliac artery?
The first perforating branch
What is the 4th perforating artery usually known as?
fourth perforating Artery of Elliot
From which perforating artery does the nutrient artery of femur arise?
Second perforating artery usually
What are the branches of the descending branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery?
Superficial, Deep, and Acetabular
What structures are supplied by the superficial branch of the descending branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery?
The femoral head; it joins the cruciate anastomosis
Where does the deep branch of the descending branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery supply?
- The gluteal region; anastomoses with gluteal arteries
2. Femur; terminates as posterosuperior and posteroinferior nutrient arteries of femur
What is the main artery of the lower limb?
The common femoral artery
State the main branches of the common femoral artery.
- Descending geniculate branch
2. Profunda femoris
State variations of the popliteal artery
- Tibioperoneal trunk may be absent if it terminates as a trifurcation
- Absence of or undeveloped posterior tibial artery (hypoplastic-aplastic PT artery)
- Absence of or undeveloped anterior tibial artery (hypoplastic-aplastic AT artery)
- High origin of AT artery
- High origin of P artery
- Anterior tibioperoneal trunk
Where does the perforating branch of the fibular artery arise?
5 cm above lateral malleolus