Blood supply

Question 1

At which point does the femoral artery enter the thigh?

Answer 1

Behind the mid-inguinal point (between ASIS and pubic symphysis)

Question 2

The femoral artery is a continuation of the …

Answer 2

External iliac artery

Question 3

What are the boundaries of the adductor canal?

Answer 3

Anteromedial - Sartorius
Anterolateral - Vastus Medialis
Posterior - Adductor longus + Adductor Magnus

Question 4

What nerve crosses the femoral artery at the apex of the femoral triangle?

Answer 4

The medial femoral cutaneous nerve of thigh

Question 5

State the relations of the femoral artery and profundus femoris artery to their veins at the apex of the femoral triangle.

Answer 5

From Superficial to deep

1. Femoral artery
2. Femoral vein
3. Profunda femoris vein
4. Profunda femoris artery

Question 6

What are the femoral artery’s 5 branches in the femoral triangle?

Answer 6

1. Superficial epigastric artery
2. Superficial circumflex iliac artery
3. Superficial external pudendal artery
4. Deep external pudendal artery
5. Profunda femoris (3.5-4 cm inferior to inguinal ligament)

Question 7

Name the femoral artery’s branch given off in the adductor canal.

Answer 7

Descending genicular artery

Question 8

The first perforating artery usually passes between which two muscles?

Answer 8

Brevis and Pectineus

Question 9

From which perforating artery does the nutrient artery to the femur usually arise?

Answer 9

Second (2nd) perforating artery

Question 10

Other than the 2nd perforating artery, what other artery can be a source of an additional nutrient artery to the femur?

Answer 10

Termination of deep branch of medial circumflex femoral artery

Question 11

Describe the course of the medial circumflex femoral artery.

Answer 11

1. leaves femoral triangle by passing between PECTINEUS and PSOAS MAJOR
2. continues posteriorly between OBTURATOR EXTERNUS and ADDUCTOR BREVIS
3. finally reaches between QUADRATUS FEMORIS and upper border of ADDUCTOR MAGNUS where it will give off its transverse and descending branches

Question 12

Which circumflex femoral artery doesn’t have a descending branch?

Answer 12

Medial circumflex femoral artery

Question 13

The descending genicular artery of the femoral artery anastomoses with _________ of the popliteal artery.

Answer 13

superior medial genicular branch

Question 14

The obturator artery arises from which artery?

Answer 14

Internal iliac artery

Question 15

At what age does the acetabular branch of the obturator artery atrophy?

Answer 15

Around 7 years

Question 16

True or false: The medial plantar nerve lies lateral to the medial plantar artery.

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

The deep plantar arch is formed from which artery laterally?

Answer 17

Lateral plantar artery

Question 18

True or false: The lateral plantar nerve lies lateral to the lateral plantar artery.

Answer 18

FALSE; it lies medial

Question 19

In which layer of the foot is the plantar arch located?

Answer 19

Between 3rd and 4th layers of foot

Question 20

Which muscles in the sole of the foot are supplied by both medial and lateral plantar arteries?

Answer 20

Flexor digitorum brevis

Lumbricals

Question 21

What artery supplies the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

Answer 21

Lateral plantar artery

Question 22

The deep plantar arch is completed medially by ______

Answer 22

Deep plantar branch of dorsalis pedis artery

Question 23

Which muscles of the leg are supplied by the sural arteries?

Answer 23

Tibialis posterior
Soleus
Gastrocnemius
Plantaris

Question 24

Which adductor receives blood from both anterior and posterior divisions of the obturator artery?

Answer 24

Adductor brevis

Question 25

Which muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg receive blood supply from sural arteries?

Answer 25

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Tibialis Posterior

Question 26

What muscles are supplied by the lateral circumflex femoral artery?

Answer 26

1. Sartorius
2. Vastus lateralis
3. Vastus Intermedius
4. Rectus femoris

Question 27

This artery supplies the vastus medialis and the adductor magnus.

Answer 27

Descending genicular artery of femoral artery