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Science for Medicine KR > Nerves 1 > Flashcards

Nerves 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a gyrus?

A

Ridge on cerebral cortex of brain

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2
Q

What is a sulcus?

A

a groove on the cerebral cortex of the brain

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3
Q

What are the names of the 4 lobes of the cerebrum?

A

frontal
temporal
parietal
occipital

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4
Q

What is the diencephalon?

A

posterior part of forebrain that contains the thalamus and hypothalamus

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5
Q

What are the three parts that make up the brainstem?

A

midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata

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6
Q

What functions does the brainstem control?

A

basic functions e.g blood pressure/ respiratory rhythm etc

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7
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

important in controlling motor function

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8
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31

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9
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12 pairs

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10
Q

How many cervical nerves are there?

A

8

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11
Q

How many thoracic nerves are there?

A

12

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12
Q

How many lumbar nerves are there?

A

5

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13
Q

How many sacral nerves are there?

A

5

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14
Q

How many coccygeal nerves are there?

A

1

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15
Q

What function do the nerves have that leave via the ventral root of the spinal nerve?

A

motor

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16
Q

What function do the nerves have that leave the dorsal root of the spinal nerve?

A

sensory

17
Q

What is a ganglion?

A

is a set of cell bodies

18
Q

What is the white matter of the spinal cord made up of?

A

nerve axons

19
Q

What is the grey matter of the spinal cord made up of?

A

cell bodies

20
Q

What is another name for the cell body of a neurone?

A

soma

21
Q

What are dendrites?

A

branched endings of neurones that receive information

22
Q

What happens at the initial segment, also known as the axon hillock?

A

triggers action potential

23
Q

What does an axon do?

A

sends action potential

24
Q

What happens at the axon (presynaptic) terminals?

A

release transmitter

25
Q

What three kinds of neurones does the somatic nervous system have?

A

afferent (sensory) neurones
interneurones
efferent (motor) neurones

26
Q

What are glia?

A

support cells of the central nervous system

27
Q

Give a statistic to describe the proportion of glia in the CNS.

A

comprise 90% of cells in the CNS

28
Q

Name 3 different types of glia cells.

A

astrocytes
oligodendrocytes
microglia

29
Q

What 2 functions do astrocytes do?

A

maintain external environment for the neurones

surround blood vessels and produce the blood/brain barrier

30
Q

What function do oligodendrocytes have?

A

form myelin sheaths in the CNS

31
Q

What 2 functions do microglia have?

A 
phagocytic hoovers (digest dead neurones etc)
mopping up infection

Science for Medicine KR (37 decks)

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