Major Muscles and Movements

Question 1

Rectus abdominus

Answer 1

Increases abdominal pressure
Flexion of the trunk
anterior rami of intercostal muscles T7-T12

Question 2

External oblique

Answer 2

Increases abdominal pressure
Bilateral contraction leads to flexion of trunk
Unilateral flexion leads to lateral flexion of the trunk
Anterior rami of intercostal nerves T7-T12

Question 3

Internal oblique

Answer 3

function same as external oblique
innervated by anterior rami of T7-L1

Question 4

Transversus abdominus

Answer 4

Increases abdominal pressure

Innervated by T7-L1

Question 5

External Intercostal muscle

Answer 5

acts to raise the rib cage

innervated by Intercostal Nerves T1-T12

Question 6

Internal Intercostal Muscle

Answer 6

acts to pull rib cage down and in

Intercostal nerves T1-T12

Question 7

Innermost Intercostal Muscle

Answer 7

acts to pull rib cage down and in

intercostal nerves T1-T12

Question 8

There are 3 major anterior limb muscles. What are they?

Answer 8

serratus anterior
pectorals major
pectoralis minor

Question 9

Serratus anterior

Answer 9

protracts scapula
Brachial plexus (C5-T1)

Question 10

Pectoralis major

Answer 10

adduction of arm
medial rotation of humerus (with latissimus dorsi)
Brachial plexus (C5-T1)

Question 11

Pectoralis minor

Answer 11

stabilisation of scapula
Brachial plexus (C5-T1)

Question 12

There are 3 main posterior limb muscles. What are they?

Answer 12

trapezius
latissimus dorsi
rhomboids

Question 13

Trapezius

Answer 13

Upper fibres - elevate scapula
Middle fibres - retraction of scapula
Lower fibres - depress scapula
Cranial nerves - NOT PLEXUS

Question 14

Rhomboids

Answer 14

retraction of scapula
Brachial plexus (C5-T1)

Question 15

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 15

Adduction of arm
Medial rotation of humerus
Brachial plexus (C5-T1)

Question 16

Erector Spinae muscles

Answer 16

Extension of spinal column

Posterior rami of C1-Co1

Question 17

Deltoid has 3 mechanisms. What are they?

Answer 17

flexion of arm
abduction of arm
extension of arm
Brachial plexus (C5-T1)

Question 18

What does the anterior compartment of the arm do?

Answer 18

Flexion of arm at elbow and shoulder
Supination of forearm
Brachial plexus (C5-T1)

Question 19

What does the anterior compartment of the forearm do?

Answer 19

Flexion of wrist and pronation of forearm
Brachial Plexus (C5-T1)

Question 20

What does the posterior compartment of the arm do?

Answer 20

Extension at elbow
Pronation of forearm
Brachial Plexus (C5-T1)

Question 21

What does the posterior compartment of the forearm do?

Answer 21

Extension of wrist
Supination of forearm
Brachial Plexus (C5-T1)

Question 22

What are the 3 compartments of the thigh?

Answer 22

anterior
medial
posterior

Question 23

What does the anterior compartment of the thigh do?

Answer 23

3 muscles
Flexion of hip
Extension at knee
Lumbar Plexus (L1-L4)

Question 24

What does the medial compartment of the thigh do?

Answer 24

5 muscles
Adduction of hip
Lumbar Plexus (L1-L4)

Question 25

What does the posterior compartment of the thigh do?

Answer 25

Extension of hip
Flexion at knee
Sacral plexus (L5-S4)

Question 26

What does the anterior compartment of the leg do?

Answer 26

Dorsiflexion of ankle and inversion of foot (which occurs in tarsal joints)
Lumbar plexus (L1-L4)

Question 27

What does the lateral compartment of the leg do?

Answer 27

Eversion of foot (which occurs in tarsal joints)
Sacral plexus (L5-S4)

Question 28

What does the posterior compartment of the leg do?

Answer 28

Plantar flexion of ankle
Lumbar plexus (L1-L4)

Question 29

What are the names of the 3 gluteal muscles?

Answer 29

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus

Question 30

What does the gluteus maximus do?

Answer 30

Extension of hip
Lumbosacral plexus (L1-S4)

Question 31

What does the gluteus medius do?

Answer 31

Abduction of hip
Lumbosacral plexus (L1-S5)

Question 32

What does the gluteus minimus do?

Answer 32

Abduction of hip
Lumbosacral plexus (L1-S5)