Nerve palsies! Flashcards
How can I remember the dermatomes for the posterior limb runnuing downwards?
4 S’s represent S1-S4 (stand, sleep, sit, shit)
What is hiltons law
Nerves crossing a joint supply the muscles acting on it and the joint itself
What nerves supply the hip joint?
Ob, Fem and lat Fem.cut
What does Erb’s plasy look like
arm in porters tip position
Cause of Erb’s palsy?
C5, 6 damage (deltoid & shoulder muscles, brachialis & biceps)
What are the roots of the radial n.
C5-T1
What artery is the radial nerve closely associated with?
Profunda brachii artery
What are the deficits of radial nerve palsy?
wrist drop and sensory deficit in the 1st dorsal web space
What area of the humerus is the radial nerve at risk of injury?
spiral groove of the humerus
What are the roots of the median nerve?
C7-T1
what artery is the median nerve closely associated with?
Brachial artery
What area is at risk of median nerve damage?
volar aspect of the wrist and the cubital fossa, it is also a complicaiton of carpal tunnel syndrome
What are the deficits of median nerve damage?
thenar wasting, pointing finger and sensory deficit over the volar aspect of the thumb
What are the roots of the ulnar nerve?
C7-T1
Where is the ulnar nerve at risk of injury?
behind the medial epicondyle of the humerus/ Olecranon fossa
What are the deficits of ulnar nerve palsy?
claw hand, hypothenar wasting and sensory deficit over the little finger
What are the roots of the femoral nerve?
L2-L4
What is the relation of the femoral nerve to the femoral artery?
Lateral
What does the femoral nerve supply?
Quadriceps
What are the roots of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve? And where is it located?
L2,L3. lies on the iliacus muscle, exits the pelvis under the lateral end of the inguinal ligament
What is the function of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?
sensory to the lateral aspect of the thigh, compression causes “meralgia paraesthetica”
What are the roots of the Sciatic nerve?
L4-S3
Where does the Sciatic nerve exit and what does it run deep to?
exits pelvis through sciatic foramen below piriformis muscle, running deep to the gluteus maximus . It is also the largest nerve in the body and the main branch of the sacral plexus (broad and flat with an accompanying artery)
What does the sciatic nerve supply?
Hamstrings, adductor magnus and all lower leg and foot muscles via terminal branches
How is the Sciatic nerve at risk?
Posterior dislocation of the hip, IM injections and during surgery
What are the roots of the common fibular nerve?
L4-S2 (smaller and more lateral branch of the sciatic nerve, passes around the the lateral aspect of the neck of the fibula, divides into the superficial and deep fibular nerve, communicating branch to the sural nerve)
What nerve is effected in anterior shoulder dislocation?
Axillary nerve
Nerve effected in humeral shaft dislocation?
Radial nerve
Nerve effected in hip dislocation
Sciatic nerve
Nerve effected in humeral surgical neck fracture?
Axillary nerve
Nerve effected in fibula fracture?
Peroneal nerve
Nerve effected in cubital fossa syndrome
Ulnar nerve
Nerve effected in knee disloaction
Peroneal nerve
Nerve effected in elbow dislocation
Ulnar nerve
What is the presentation of a axillary nerve palsy?
Parathesia over the badge area and weak abduction (due to deltoid denervation)
Presentation of Ulnar palsy
Clawed hand
Presentation of sciatic and peroneal palsies
Foot drop and high stepping gait
way to remember what cords give off which Branches
