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PVM IV > Nerve Blocks in Farm Animals > Flashcards

Nerve Blocks in Farm Animals Flashcards

1
Q

What anesthetic is typically used for nerve blocks

A

2% Lidocaine HCl

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2
Q

What is toxic dose of lidocaine for goats

A

4-5mg/kg

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3
Q

What is toxic dose of lidocaine for cows

A

8mg/kg

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4
Q

How is the weight distributed on the claws in front limbs m

A

Medial claw> lateral claw

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5
Q

How is weight distributed on the claws in hind limbs

A

Lateral claw> medial claw

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6
Q

What is a grade 1 lameness

A

Normal

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7
Q

What is grade 2 lameness

A

Mildly lame, stands with flat back, arches when walks. Slightly abnormal gait

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8
Q

What is grade 3 lameness

A

Moderately lame, stands and walks with arched back, short strides

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9
Q

What is a grade 4 lameness

A

Arched back when standing and walking. Favors certain legs

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10
Q

What is a grade 5 lameness

A

Severely lame, constantly arched back, great difficulty moving, lying down

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11
Q

What block is performed for a claw amputation

A

Baer block- injected into dorsal metacarpal/tarsal veins

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12
Q

How do you do a claw amputation

A

Set OB wire deeply into incision, saw at 45 degree angle axial to abaxial

Cut between middle and distal 1/3 of P1

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13
Q

What block is needed to dehorn a cow, what is the location

A

Cornual nerve block- between lateral canthus and base of horn just below the frontal ridge

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14
Q

What nerve blocks are needed for goat dehorning and location

A
  1. Cornual nerve block between lateral canthus and horn base
  2. Cornual nerve block of infratrochlear nerve between medial canthus and base of horn
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15
Q

What are these

A

dehorners
Left: iron
Right: Barnes dehorner

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16
Q

Where is the auriculopalpebral block performed

A

Half way between lateral canthus and base of ear on the zygomatic arch

17
Q

Hear a ping on the left side, what could it be

A

Rumen, pneumoperitoneum. LDA, uterus

18
Q

Hear a ping on right side what could it be

A

RDA, abomasal volvulus, cecum, pneumoperitoneum, duodenum, rectal, spiral colon, small intestine, uterus

19
Q

What are the pros of inverted L block

A

Quick, easy, very localized, better for fat animals

20
Q

What are the cons for inverted L blocks

A

Uses lots of lidocaine, can’t block peritoneum, locked into location

21
Q

What are the pros of proximal and distal paravertebral blocks

A

Less lidocaine, block peritoneum, regional anesthesia

22
Q

What are the cons of proximal and distal paravertebral blocks

A

Requires skills, very difficult in fat animals

23
Q

What block is this

A

Inverted L block

24
Q

What blocks are indicated by 1-2

A
  1. Proximal paravertebral block
  2. Distal paravertebral block
25
Q

Where do you block for proximal paravertebral blocks

A
  1. Front of L1 to get t13
  2. Back of L1 to get L1
  3. Back of L2 to get L2
26
Q

Where do you block for distal paravertebral block

A
  1. Tip of L1 to get t13
  2. Tip of L2 to get L1
  3. Tip of L4 to get L2
27
Q

What epidural can be performed to assist with calving

A

Caudal epidural

28
Q

What is the dose of lidocaine for caudal epidural for cattle

A

1mL/200lbs, max 6mL

29
Q

What is dose of lidocaine for caudal epidural for small ruminants

A

1mL/100lbs

30
Q

What are some indications for caudal epidurals

A

Dystocia, rectal prolapse, vaginal prolapse, uterine prolapse, urinary stones

31
Q

What are the 3 possible injection sites for caudal epidural

A
  1. Sacrococcygeal joint
  2. First intercoccygeal joint (better access)
  3. Second interocccygeal joint
32
Q

What epidural can be given to a blocked goat

A

Lumbosacral epidural

33
Q

What does the lumbosacral epidural block

A

sensory and motor to caudal 1/2 of the body

34
Q

Identify blocks 1-3

A
  1. Supraorbital
  2. Cornual nerve block
  3. Auriculopalpebral
35
Q

Identify blocks 1-2

A
  1. Cornual nerve block
  2. Cornual nerve block to get infratrochlear nerve

PVM IV (9 decks)

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