Nerve Blocks in Farm Animals

Question 1

What anesthetic is typically used for nerve blocks

Answer 1

2% Lidocaine HCl

Question 2

What is toxic dose of lidocaine for goats

Answer 2

4-5mg/kg

Question 3

What is toxic dose of lidocaine for cows

Answer 3

8mg/kg

Question 4

How is the weight distributed on the claws in front limbs m

Answer 4

Medial claw> lateral claw

Question 5

How is weight distributed on the claws in hind limbs

Answer 5

Lateral claw> medial claw

Question 6

What is a grade 1 lameness

Answer 6

Normal

Question 7

What is grade 2 lameness

Answer 7

Mildly lame, stands with flat back, arches when walks. Slightly abnormal gait

Question 8

What is grade 3 lameness

Answer 8

Moderately lame, stands and walks with arched back, short strides

Question 9

What is a grade 4 lameness

Answer 9

Arched back when standing and walking. Favors certain legs

Question 10

What is a grade 5 lameness

Answer 10

Severely lame, constantly arched back, great difficulty moving, lying down

Question 11

What block is performed for a claw amputation

Answer 11

Baer block- injected into dorsal metacarpal/tarsal veins

Question 12

How do you do a claw amputation

Answer 12

Set OB wire deeply into incision, saw at 45 degree angle axial to abaxial

Cut between middle and distal 1/3 of P1

Question 13

What block is needed to dehorn a cow, what is the location

Answer 13

Cornual nerve block- between lateral canthus and base of horn just below the frontal ridge

Question 14

What nerve blocks are needed for goat dehorning and location

Answer 14

1. Cornual nerve block between lateral canthus and horn base
2. Cornual nerve block of infratrochlear nerve between medial canthus and base of horn

Question 15

What are these

Answer 15

dehorners
Left: iron
Right: Barnes dehorner

Question 16

Where is the auriculopalpebral block performed

Answer 16

Half way between lateral canthus and base of ear on the zygomatic arch

Question 17

Hear a ping on the left side, what could it be

Answer 17

Rumen, pneumoperitoneum. LDA, uterus

Question 18

Hear a ping on right side what could it be

Answer 18

RDA, abomasal volvulus, cecum, pneumoperitoneum, duodenum, rectal, spiral colon, small intestine, uterus

Question 19

What are the pros of inverted L block

Answer 19

Quick, easy, very localized, better for fat animals

Question 20

What are the cons for inverted L blocks

Answer 20

Uses lots of lidocaine, can’t block peritoneum, locked into location

Question 21

What are the pros of proximal and distal paravertebral blocks

Answer 21

Less lidocaine, block peritoneum, regional anesthesia

Question 22

What are the cons of proximal and distal paravertebral blocks

Answer 22

Requires skills, very difficult in fat animals

Question 23

What block is this

Answer 23

Inverted L block

Question 24

What blocks are indicated by 1-2

Answer 24

1. Proximal paravertebral block
2. Distal paravertebral block

Question 25

Where do you block for proximal paravertebral blocks

Answer 25

1. Front of L1 to get t13 2. Back of L1 to get L1 3. Back of L2 to get L2

Question 26

Where do you block for distal paravertebral block

Answer 26

1. Tip of L1 to get t13 2. Tip of L2 to get L1 3. Tip of L4 to get L2

Question 27

What epidural can be performed to assist with calving

Answer 27

Caudal epidural

Question 28

What is the dose of lidocaine for caudal epidural for cattle

Answer 28

1mL/200lbs, max 6mL

Question 29

What is dose of lidocaine for caudal epidural for small ruminants

Answer 29

1mL/100lbs

Question 30

What are some indications for caudal epidurals

Answer 30

Dystocia, rectal prolapse, vaginal prolapse, uterine prolapse, urinary stones

Question 31

What are the 3 possible injection sites for caudal epidural

Answer 31

1. Sacrococcygeal joint 2. First intercoccygeal joint (better access) 2. Second interocccygeal joint

Question 32

What epidural can be given to a blocked goat

Answer 32

Lumbosacral epidural

Question 33

What does the lumbosacral epidural block

Answer 33

sensory and motor to caudal 1/2 of the body

Question 34

Identify blocks 1-3

Answer 34

1. Supraorbital 2. Cornual nerve block 3. Auriculopalpebral

Question 35

Identify blocks 1-2

Answer 35

1. Cornual nerve block 2. Cornual nerve block to get infratrochlear nerve