Nerve and Blood Supply of Back

Question 1

what is located in the subdural space?

Answer 1

veins

Question 2

what is located in the epidural space?

Answer 2

fat

Question 3

Bell Magendie Law

Answer 3

sensory info goes into spinal cord via dorsal roots of spinal nerves and motor commands leave spinal cord via ventral roots

Question 4

intermediolateral gray T-T2

Answer 4

preganglionic sympathetic neurons

Question 5

intermediolateral gray S-S4

Answer 5

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

Question 6

spinal nerves are numbered for which vertebrae relative to them?

Answer 6

the vertebrae above, EXCEPT for in the cervical region where, for example, C3 is between C2 and C3. T1 would be between T1 and T2.

Question 7

what kind of neuron is the dorsal root ganglion?

Answer 7

psuedounipolar

Question 8

where are the dorsal and spinal roots located?

Answer 8

inside the vertebral canal and join to form spinal nerve

Question 9

where are the dorsal and spinal rami located?

Answer 9

outside intervertebral foramen and represent bifurcation of spinal nerve

Question 10

medial branch of dorsal rami

Answer 10

all levels supply muscles, only levels T6 and up are also cutaneous to upper back (sensory to skin)

Question 11

lateral branch of dorsal rami

Answer 11

all levels supply muscles, only levels T6 and below are also cutaneous to lower back and medial gluteus region

Question 12

what dorsal rami do not split into medial and lateral branches?

Answer 12

C1, S4/5, Cx1

Question 13

suboccipital nerve?

Answer 13

dorsal ramus of C1

Question 14

what is the largest of all dorsal rami?

Answer 14

C2

Question 15

medial branch of C2 dorsal ramus is also called what?

Answer 15

occipital nerve

Question 16

where does the lateral branch become cutaneous and medial branch is purely muscular?

Answer 16

T7-12

Question 17

cervical plexus?

Answer 17

C2-C4, innervates neck, parts of head and shoulders

Question 18

brachial plexus?

Answer 18

C5-T1, innervates the pectoral girdle and upper limb

Question 19

lumbosacral plexus

Answer 19

L1-S4, innervates pelvic girdle and lower limb

Question 20

what is a dermatome?

Answer 20

areas of skin innervated by cutaneous branches of a single spinal nerve

Question 21

C5-T1 dermatome

Answer 21

upper extremity

Question 22

C5

Answer 22

thumb

Question 23

C7

Answer 23

middle finger

Question 24

C8

Answer 24

pinky

Question 25

T4

Answer 25

nipple

Question 26

T10

Answer 26

umbilicus

Question 27

L1-S2

Answer 27

lower extremity

Question 28

L1

Answer 28

groin

Question 29

L4

Answer 29

shin and medial foot

Question 30

L5

Answer 30

lateral leg and top of foot

Question 31

S1

Answer 31

pinky toe and bottom of foot

Question 32

what accompanies the dorsal rami to form the segmentally arranged neurovascular bundles?

Answer 32

small arteries and veins

Question 33

right side of the heart

Answer 33

receives de-oxygenated blood and sends de-oxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation

Question 34

left side of the heart

Answer 34

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and returns it to the body

Question 35

anastomoses

Answer 35

created by the union of blood channels, these may occur at capillary level between arterial and venous systems. arteries to arterioles to capillaries.

Question 36

collateral circulation

Answer 36

an alternative route of circulation to a body part created by anastomoses of arterial channels. frequent around joints of limbs.

Question 37

collateral vessels

Answer 37

anastomostic vessels proceeding from superior to inferior

Question 38

recurrent vessels

Answer 38

anastomostic vessels proceeding from inferior to superior

Question 39

pulmonary circulation

Answer 39

from right ventricle to the lungs and to the left atrium

Question 40

systemic circulation

Answer 40

from left ventricle to the body to the right atrium

Question 41

venous return?

Answer 41

vena cava, hepatic portal system, brachiocephalic veins that form superior vena cava, and azygos system

Question 42

role of GI tract in lymphatic system?

Answer 42

95% of lymph content drained here. major route of transportation of macromolecules from digestive tract to blood circulatory system

Question 43

afferent lymph vessels

Answer 43

drain lymph to nodes

Question 44

efferent lymph vessels

Answer 44

drain lymph from nodes to larger lymph channels

Question 45

thoracic duct

Answer 45

major lymph channel of body and receives drainage from left side of head and neck, left side of thorax, left arm, abdomen, pelvis and perineum, and both legs