nerve 1 Flashcards
1
Q
CNS / CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
- Composed of
A
Brain and Spinal Cord
2
Q
PNS/ PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
- Composed of
A
Spinal Nerves and
Cranial Nerves
3
Q
(labas) ends in brain
A
Sensory/Afferent
4
Q
starts in brain and stops in muscle
A
Motor/Efferent
5
Q
sense organ
A
Sensory Neuron
6
Q
Skeletal Muscle
A
Somatic Motor Neuron
7
Q
- Basic unit of brain and spinal cord
A
NEURONS
8
Q
Smooth Muscle and Cardiac Muscle Glands
A
Autonomic Motor Neuron
8
Q
ANS/ AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
- Automatic
- Composed of
A
Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic
8
Q
- stress/emergency
- Involuntary muscle, regulator, and
glands
A
Sympathetic
9
Q
- resting phase
- Glands: exocrine, sweat glands,
sebaceous, prostate, and cervical.
A
Parasympathetic
10
Q
- Carries impulse towards the cell
body
A
DENDRITE
11
Q
- Carries the impulse away from the
cell body
A
AXON
12
Q
- Fasten or hazes the transfer of
impulse
A
MYELIN SHEATH
12
Q
- Caused by lack of neuron
- atrophy of the brain
- Low neuron leads to dementia, which leads to BLANK leads to atrophy.
A
DEMENTIA and ALZHEIMER’S
13
Q
- Neurons
- Neuroglia
A
TWO CELL TYPES
14
Q
- Largest and most numerous
- Function: BBB, structural
frameworks and repairs regulation of
ions.
A
Astrocyte
15
Q
is Low Na leads to
confusion
A
Hyponatremia
16
Q
- Smaller than astrocyte
- Produces myelin sheat in CNS
A
Oligodendrocyte
17
Q
- Smallest
- Phagocytosis of foreign bodies
- High during infection and injury as a
form of defense
A
Microglia
18
Q
infected meninges
A
Meningitis
19
Q
infected brain
A
Encephalitis
19
Q
- Lining of ventricles and central cana
- Some regions are ciliated (ex. Cilia
in respiratory) - Some specialized to produce CSF
A
Ependymal Cell
19
Q
- Responsible for myelin sheath
together with oligodendrocyte. - Responsible for myelination, but
surrounds all peripheral axons. - Involved in repair mechanism after
injury- Wallerian Degeneration
A
SCHWANN CELLS
20
1. Anaxonic
2. Unipolar
3. Bipolar
4. Multipolar
TYPES OF NEURON
21
- In CNS
- No axon
ANAXONIC
22
- No dendrites
UNIPOLAR
23
- No myelin sheath
- Rare
- Is in SPECIAL SENSE
BIPOLAR
24
- Most common
- all motor neuron
- complete
MULTIPOLAR
24
labas or outer
Somatic
25
internal
Visceral
26
- Site of communication between two
nerve cell or nerve cell and effector
cell
- Electrical and Chemical
SYNAPSE
26
- Found in heart (has own electrical
current)
- CNS
Electrical Synapse
26
- Most common
- Signal via NT
Chemical Synapse
27
- Many to one
- Several neurons synapse with a
single neuron, concentrating the
input
CONVERGENCE
28
NEURON ORGANIZATION
1. Convergence
2. Serial Processing
3. Parallel Processing
4. Divergence
29
- Aka STEP WISE
- Cannot multi task
- Sequential (sequence)
SERIAL PROCESSING
29
- Simultaneous processing
PARALLEL PROCESSING
30
- One to many
- One neuron synapse with several,
effectively “spreading the word”
DIVERGENCE
30
- Collection of cell bodies
- Center or the NUCLEUS of CNS
GANGLIA
31
- Bundles of axon
- Called TRACTS in CNS and
NERVES in PNS
NERVE
31
- Myelinated (both nerves and tracts)
White
32
- Non-myelinated material
- Non myelinated axons CNS=
Nucleus, in PNS= Ganglia
Gray
