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blood science > Neoplasms-W3 > Flashcards

Neoplasms-W3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is myelodysplastic syndrome

A

clonal bone marrow neoplasm with a combination of cytopenias and morphological dysplasia

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2
Q

what is cytopenia

A

decreased red blood cell

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3
Q

what is anaemia

A

low red cell count

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4
Q

what’s neutropenia

A

low neutrophil count

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5
Q

what is thrombocytopenia

A

low thrombocytes/ platelet

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6
Q

what is pancytopenia

A

pan (all) low count

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7
Q

what is dysplasia

A

abnormal growth of immature cells which become healthy

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8
Q

what is a patents history of MDS

A
  • exposure to chemo in the past
  • family history of MDS
  • exposure to benzene and lead
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9
Q

what is the bloods for MDS

A

blood film

full blood count including differential white cell count

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10
Q

what is ring sideroblasts caused from

A

iron accumulated in the mitochondria - doesn’t go into haemoglobin

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11
Q

what is a karyotype

A

an individual’s complete of set of chromosomes

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12
Q

what is a complete set of chromosomes

A

46 chromosomes

22 pairs of autosomal

1 sex pair

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13
Q

what is karyotype used to look for

A

abnormalities in number or structure

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14
Q

what is essential thrombocythemia (ET)

A

a rare blood disorder that causes a high number platelets to form

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15
Q

what does PMF stand for

A

primary myelofibrosis

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16
Q

what is PMF mean

A

rare bone marrow disorder

abnormalities in blood cell production and scarring in bone marrow

17
Q

what does PCV stand for

A

polycythemia vera

18
Q

what does PCV mean

A

rare blood disorders

increase in RBC

19
Q

what is flow cytometry

A

a laser-based technique used to detect and analyze the chemical and physical characteristics of cells or particles

20
Q

what is a pro for flow cytometry

A

ability to measure a large number of parameters (2 to 30 or more)

21
Q

what is a con for flow cytometry

A

requires fresh samples

22
Q

what is PCR

A

test to detect genetic material from a specific organism, such as a virus.

23
Q

what are pros and cons of PCR

A

pro :

high sensitivity compared to staining

con :

24
Q

what are pros and cons of PCR

A

pro :

  • high sensitivity compared to staining

con :

  • potentially lower specificity compare to staining
25
Q

What does the forward scatter tell you on flow cytometry

A

It’s size

26
Q

What is acute disease

A

Come on rapidly

Require urgent medical attention

27
Q

What are chronic disease

A

Long period of time

Ongoing medical attention

28
Q

What is myeloid

A

Something to do w bone marrow

29
Q

What is lymphoblastic

A

Cancer arises from lymphocytes in bone marrow

30
Q

What are cell surface markers

A

Separation of fluorescent cells in flow cytometry under detection of fluoresce

blood science (8 decks)

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