Neoplasms-W3 Flashcards
what is myelodysplastic syndrome
clonal bone marrow neoplasm with a combination of cytopenias and morphological dysplasia
what is cytopenia
decreased red blood cell
what is anaemia
low red cell count
what’s neutropenia
low neutrophil count
what is thrombocytopenia
low thrombocytes/ platelet
what is pancytopenia
pan (all) low count
what is dysplasia
abnormal growth of immature cells which become healthy
what is a patents history of MDS
- exposure to chemo in the past
- family history of MDS
- exposure to benzene and lead
what is the bloods for MDS
blood film
full blood count including differential white cell count
what is ring sideroblasts caused from
iron accumulated in the mitochondria - doesn’t go into haemoglobin
what is a karyotype
an individual’s complete of set of chromosomes
what is a complete set of chromosomes
46 chromosomes
22 pairs of autosomal
1 sex pair
what is karyotype used to look for
abnormalities in number or structure
what is essential thrombocythemia (ET)
a rare blood disorder that causes a high number platelets to form
what does PMF stand for
primary myelofibrosis
what is PMF mean
rare bone marrow disorder
abnormalities in blood cell production and scarring in bone marrow
what does PCV stand for
polycythemia vera
what does PCV mean
rare blood disorders
increase in RBC
what is flow cytometry
a laser-based technique used to detect and analyze the chemical and physical characteristics of cells or particles
what is a pro for flow cytometry
ability to measure a large number of parameters (2 to 30 or more)
what is a con for flow cytometry
requires fresh samples
what is PCR
test to detect genetic material from a specific organism, such as a virus.
what are pros and cons of PCR
pro :
high sensitivity compared to staining
con :
what are pros and cons of PCR
pro :
- high sensitivity compared to staining
con :
- potentially lower specificity compare to staining
What does the forward scatter tell you on flow cytometry
It’s size
What is acute disease
Come on rapidly
Require urgent medical attention
What are chronic disease
Long period of time
Ongoing medical attention
What is myeloid
Something to do w bone marrow
What is lymphoblastic
Cancer arises from lymphocytes in bone marrow
What are cell surface markers
Separation of fluorescent cells in flow cytometry under detection of fluoresce
