Neoplasia I Flashcards
What pathological process does Neoplasia fall under?
Disorder of growth
Is neoplasia uncontrolled or controlled growth?
Uncontrolled
What are three types of lesions that usually produce tumors? (think NAG)
Neoplasm
Abscess
Granuloma
What is a tumor?
A “swelling”
What is another name for cancer?
“Crab”
What two main things does neoplasm consist of?
- Neoplastic cells (parenchyma)
2. CT and blood vessels (“stroma”)
A stroma is what type of tissue?
Vascular fibrous CT
What two things can parenchymal cells be?
- Epithelial cells
2. Mesenchymal cells
Where are epithelial cells found?
Most organs, epidermis, mucosa, glands
What germ cell layer are epithelial cells derived from?
Any germ cell layer (endo-, ecto-, and mesoderm)
Where are mesenchymal cells normally found?
CT, muscle, endothelial cells, bone marrow & blood
What are mesenchymal cells derived from?
Mesoderm
Round to spindle shaped cells with scant cytoplasm describe epithelial or mesenchymal cells?
Mesenchymal cells
What three things are needed for make an MDx for a neoplasm?
- Location
- Prefix for tissue of origin
- Suffix for growth behavior
If a neoplasm is epithelial and benign, what suffix is given form growth behavior?
-Oma
If a neoplasm is mesenchymal and benign, what suffix is given form growth behavior?
-oma
If a neoplasm is epithelial and malignant, what suffix is given form growth behavior?
-carcinoma
If a neoplasm is mesenchymal and malignant, what suffix is given form growth behavior?
-Sarcoma
What is the prefix for tumors derived from fibrous CT?
Fribro-
Is is the prefix of a tumor derived from vascular endothelium?
Hemangio-
What is the prefix for a tumor derived from glandular epithelial cells?
Adeno-
What is the prefix for a tumor derived from bone?
Osteo-
What is the prefix for a tumor cell derived from lymphocytes?
Lympho-
What prefix is given to a tumor derived from more than one cell lineage?
Terato-
A well-differentiated area will be more likely what type of neoplasm?
Benign
The less differentiated an area, the more malignant or benign a tumor?
Malignant
Features of anaplasia (cellular atypia) are observed in what type of neoplasm?
Malignant
List some features of anaplasia
- pleomorphic
- Anisokaryosis/anisocytosis
- Nuclear hyperchromasia
- High N:C ratio
- Prominent nucleoli
- Multiple nucleoli
- Abnormal mitotic figures
What are the differentiations of a benign tumor?
Well-differentiated
Structure similar to tissue of origin
Little or no anaplasia
What are the differentiations of a malignant tumor?
Lack differentiation
Structure atypical
Variable anaplasia
What are the growth rate features of a benign tumor?
Slow, progressive expansion
Rare mitotic figures
Normal-appearing mitotic figures
What are the growth rate features of a malignant tumor?
Slow-to-Rapid
Erratic growth rate
Numerous mitotic figures/ sometimes abnormal
What is the level of invasiveness for a benign tumor?
No invasion (cohesive and expansive growth)
What is the level of invasion of a malignant tumor?
Local invasion (infiltrative growth)
Does a benign tumor usually have a capsule?
Yes
Does a malignant tumor usually have a capsule?
Usually no
What is the metastasis of benign tumor growth?
No metastasis
What is the metastasis of malignant tumor growth?
Frequent metastasis
Who will usually be responsible for differentiation?
Pathologist
Who will normally be responsible for determine growth rate?
Clinician and pathologist
Who will normally be responsible for determination of local invasiveness?
Clinician and pathologist
Who will normally be responsible for determination of metastasis?
Clinician
