Acute Inflammation I, II, & III

Question 1

What are the 5 signs of inflammation?

Answer 1

1. Redness
2. Heat
3. Swelling
4. Pain
5. Loss of function

Question 2

What are the roles of inflammation?

Answer 2

1. Dilute, contain and isolate injury
2. Destroy invading microorganisms and/or activate toxins
3. Achieve healing and repair

Question 3

What are the 3 different outcomes of inflammation?

Answer 3

1. Return to normal
2. Intense inflammatory response
3. Failure to eliminate

Question 4

What is formed during an intense inflammatory response?

Answer 4

Capsule of fibrous CT

Question 5

What will happen in failure to eliminate insult?

Answer 5

1. Persistence of inflammatory cells

2. Scar formation

Question 6

T/F: inflammation can occur in dead tissue

Answer 6

False, only in living tissue

Question 7

Inflammation leads to the accumulation of fluid and WBCs in what type of tissue?

Answer 7

Extravascular tissues

Question 8

What process is inflammation closely associated with?

Answer 8

Repair

Question 9

What is exudation?

Answer 9

Escape of fluid, proteins, and blood cells from vascular system into interstium or body cavities

Question 10

What are 3 properties of exudate?

Answer 10

1. High protein concentration
2. Cellular debris
3. High specific gravity

Question 11

What are two features of transudate?

Answer 11

1. Low protein content

2. Low specific gravity

Question 12

What is pus?

Answer 12

Inflammatory exudate rich in leukocytes and parenchyma cell debris

Question 13

What are 7 types of exudate?

Answer 13

1. Serous
2. Fibrinous
3. Suppurative
4. Granulomatous
5. Serofibrinous
6. Firbrino-purulent
7. Purulent

Question 14

What are the main characteristics of peracute inflammation?

Answer 14

1. Cause by potent stimulus
2. Usually no time to respond
3. Less common then acute

Question 15

What are some general features of peracute inflammation?

Answer 15

1. Short time
2. Vascular involvement
3. Inflammatory cells
4. Shock, sudden death

Question 16

Infectious canine hepatitis is a main example of what type of inflammation?

Answer 16

Peracute inflammation

Question 17

What type of cells are predominant in acute inflammation?

Answer 17

Neutrophils

Question 18

Lymphadenitis occurs in what type of inflammation?

Answer 18

Acute, subacute, and chronic

Question 19

What is lymphangitis?

Answer 19

Inflammation of lymphatic vessels

Question 20

T/F: Fibrosis and neovascularization are features of subacute inflammation

Answer 20

False, they are not features

Question 21

Fibrosis is usually an indication of what time of inflammation?

Answer 21

Chronic

Question 22

What types of cells are seen in chronic inflammation?

Answer 22

Mononuclear inflammatory cells

Question 23

Suppurative education consists of what type of liquid inflammation product?

Answer 23

Pus (purulent)

Question 24

Pyometra is an example of what type of inflammation?

Answer 24

Severe suppurative inflammation

Question 25

What is the process by which pus is formed?

Answer 25

Suppuration

Question 26

What is an abscess?

Answer 26

Collection of pus (localized)

Question 27

What is the main content of fibrinous exudation?

Answer 27

Fibrin

Question 28

Fibrinous cholecystitis is an example of what type of inflammation?

Answer 28

Fibrinous inflammation

Question 29

What is fibrinopurulent exudate?

Answer 29

Fibrin and pus together

Question 30

What is the difference between fibrinous exudate and fibrosis?

Answer 30

Fibrinous exudate is an acute process and fibrosis is a chronic process

Question 31

In the absence of prominent cellular response, what type of exudation occurs?

Answer 31

Serous exudation

Question 32

In serous exudate, what happens after a vesicles rupture?

Answer 32

Ulceration

Question 33

T/F: Granulomatous inflammation is always chronic

Answer 33

True

Question 34

What is the predominant cell in granulomatous inflammation?

Answer 34

Macrophages

Question 35

What two types of cells are present in granulomas?

Answer 35

Epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells

Question 36

What type of appearance would a granulomatous inflammation have?

Answer 36

Cerebroid

Question 37

What is the main feature of necrotizing inflammation?

Answer 37

Necrosis

Question 38

What is the main feature of hemorrhagic inflammation?

Answer 38

Hemorrhage

Question 39

What is mucopurulent or catarrhal?

Answer 39

Mucus and pus exudate

Question 40

T/F: A MDX is not complete until an anatomical location has been added

Answer 40

true

Question 41

What are two subdivision of inflammatory cells?

Answer 41

1. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes | 2. Mononuclear cells

Question 42

What is the purpose of neutrophils?

Answer 42

Eliminate microorganisms, tumor cells, and foreign material

Question 43

What are two major classes of granules in neutrophils?

Answer 43

1. Azurophil granules (primary) | 2. Specific granules (secondary)

Question 44

What are some important neutrophil functions?

Answer 44

1. Phagocytosis 2. Medicate tissue injury 3. Regulate inflammatory response

Question 45

T/F: Eosinophils have cytoplasmic eosinophilia granules

Answer 45

True

Question 46

Eosinophils are effective at killing what type of parasites?

Answer 46

Helminths

Question 47

What are some examples of eosinophilic infiltration?

Answer 47

1. Contact dermatitis 2. Habronema infection 3. Prominent mast cell tumors

Question 48

What are the key mediators of lymphocytes and plasma cells?

Answer 48

Immediate Ab response and delayed cellular hypersensitive response

Question 49

What cell is a chronic inflammatory cell?

Answer 49

Macrophages

Question 50

The effects of inflammatory stimuli are manifested through what mediators?

Answer 50

Chemical mediators

Question 51

Chemotaxis is the emigration of what type of cells?

Answer 51

WBCs