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Pathology Exam 2 > Acute Inflammation I, II, & III > Flashcards

Acute Inflammation I, II, & III Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 signs of inflammation?

A
  1. Redness
  2. Heat
  3. Swelling
  4. Pain
  5. Loss of function
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2
Q

What are the roles of inflammation?

A
  1. Dilute, contain and isolate injury
  2. Destroy invading microorganisms and/or activate toxins
  3. Achieve healing and repair
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3
Q

What are the 3 different outcomes of inflammation?

A
  1. Return to normal
  2. Intense inflammatory response
  3. Failure to eliminate
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4
Q

What is formed during an intense inflammatory response?

A

Capsule of fibrous CT

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5
Q

What will happen in failure to eliminate insult?

A
  1. Persistence of inflammatory cells

2. Scar formation

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6
Q

T/F: inflammation can occur in dead tissue

A

False, only in living tissue

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7
Q

Inflammation leads to the accumulation of fluid and WBCs in what type of tissue?

A

Extravascular tissues

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8
Q

What process is inflammation closely associated with?

A

Repair

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9
Q

What is exudation?

A

Escape of fluid, proteins, and blood cells from vascular system into interstium or body cavities

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10
Q

What are 3 properties of exudate?

A
  1. High protein concentration
  2. Cellular debris
  3. High specific gravity
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11
Q

What are two features of transudate?

A
  1. Low protein content

2. Low specific gravity

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12
Q

What is pus?

A

Inflammatory exudate rich in leukocytes and parenchyma cell debris

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13
Q

What are 7 types of exudate?

A
  1. Serous
  2. Fibrinous
  3. Suppurative
  4. Granulomatous
  5. Serofibrinous
  6. Firbrino-purulent
  7. Purulent
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14
Q

What are the main characteristics of peracute inflammation?

A
  1. Cause by potent stimulus
  2. Usually no time to respond
  3. Less common then acute
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15
Q

What are some general features of peracute inflammation?

A
  1. Short time
  2. Vascular involvement
  3. Inflammatory cells
  4. Shock, sudden death
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16
Q

Infectious canine hepatitis is a main example of what type of inflammation?

A

Peracute inflammation

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17
Q

What type of cells are predominant in acute inflammation?

A

Neutrophils

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18
Q

Lymphadenitis occurs in what type of inflammation?

A

Acute, subacute, and chronic

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19
Q

What is lymphangitis?

A

Inflammation of lymphatic vessels

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20
Q

T/F: Fibrosis and neovascularization are features of subacute inflammation

A

False, they are not features

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21
Q

Fibrosis is usually an indication of what time of inflammation?

A

Chronic

22
Q

What types of cells are seen in chronic inflammation?

A

Mononuclear inflammatory cells

23
Q

Suppurative education consists of what type of liquid inflammation product?

A

Pus (purulent)

24
Q

Pyometra is an example of what type of inflammation?

A

Severe suppurative inflammation

25
Q

What is the process by which pus is formed?

A

Suppuration

26
Q

What is an abscess?

A

Collection of pus (localized)

27
Q

What is the main content of fibrinous exudation?

A

Fibrin

28
Q

Fibrinous cholecystitis is an example of what type of inflammation?

A

Fibrinous inflammation

29
Q

What is fibrinopurulent exudate?

A

Fibrin and pus together

30
Q

What is the difference between fibrinous exudate and fibrosis?

A

Fibrinous exudate is an acute process and fibrosis is a chronic process

31
Q

In the absence of prominent cellular response, what type of exudation occurs?

A

Serous exudation

32
Q

In serous exudate, what happens after a vesicles rupture?

A

Ulceration

33
Q

T/F: Granulomatous inflammation is always chronic

A

True

34
Q

What is the predominant cell in granulomatous inflammation?

A

Macrophages

35
Q

What two types of cells are present in granulomas?

A

Epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells

36
Q

What type of appearance would a granulomatous inflammation have?

A

Cerebroid

37
Q

What is the main feature of necrotizing inflammation?

A

Necrosis

38
Q

What is the main feature of hemorrhagic inflammation?

A

Hemorrhage

39
Q

What is mucopurulent or catarrhal?

A

Mucus and pus exudate

40
Q

T/F: A MDX is not complete until an anatomical location has been added

A

true

41
Q

What are two subdivision of inflammatory cells?

A
  1. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes

2. Mononuclear cells

42
Q

What is the purpose of neutrophils?

A

Eliminate microorganisms, tumor cells, and foreign material

43
Q

What are two major classes of granules in neutrophils?

A
  1. Azurophil granules (primary)

2. Specific granules (secondary)

44
Q

What are some important neutrophil functions?

A
  1. Phagocytosis
  2. Medicate tissue injury
  3. Regulate inflammatory response
45
Q

T/F: Eosinophils have cytoplasmic eosinophilia granules

A

True

46
Q

Eosinophils are effective at killing what type of parasites?

A

Helminths

47
Q

What are some examples of eosinophilic infiltration?

A
  1. Contact dermatitis
  2. Habronema infection
  3. Prominent mast cell tumors
48
Q

What are the key mediators of lymphocytes and plasma cells?

A

Immediate Ab response and delayed cellular hypersensitive response

49
Q

What cell is a chronic inflammatory cell?

A

Macrophages

50
Q

The effects of inflammatory stimuli are manifested through what mediators?

A

Chemical mediators

51
Q

Chemotaxis is the emigration of what type of cells?

A

WBCs

Pathology Exam 2 (5 decks)

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