Neoplasia, Benign and malignant Neoplasms

Question 1

What is neoplasia

Answer 1

The process of abnormal proliferation of cells

Question 2

What is a neoplasm

Answer 2

Same as tumour
An abnormal mass of tissue that occurs as a result of abnormal cell growth
Used to describe benign or malignant growth

Question 3

What is cancer

Answer 3

Only used to describe malignant neoplasm

Question 4

What is a pre-malignant tumour

Answer 4

not yet malignant but showing developing characteristic properties of malignancy

Question 5

What is oncogenesis

Answer 5

Process of gradual stepwise tumour development
It develops gradually from a normal tissue

Question 6

3 stages of oncogenesis

Answer 6

Initiation
Promotion
Progression (into malignancy)

Question 7

What is the initiation stage of oncogenesis

Answer 7

Introduction of an irreversible genetic change into a normal cell by the action of a mutagenic agent (initiator)
Mutagenesis- genesis and generation of mutation
cells may appear normal for a long time but have a specific growth advantage under special conditions

Question 8

Possible types of cancer initiator (4)

Answer 8

Chemical or Physical
Inherited or Spontaneous
Virus or bacteria
ROS

Question 9

What is promotion stage of oncogenesis

Answer 9

Environment created where mutated cells have a growth advantage
Drives proliferation
Reversible