Neoplasia - 6

Question 1

Keratin

a. Normal tissue expression
b. Tumor

Answer 1

a. All epithelial cells

b. Carcinomas

Question 2

Vimentin

a. Normal tissue expression
b. Tumor

Answer 2

a. Mesenchymal cells

b. Sarcomas

Question 3

Desmin

a. Normal tissue expression
b. Tumor

Answer 3

a. Muscle cells

b. Uterine leiomyoma, rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 4

Neurofilament

a. Normal tissue expression
b. Tumor

Answer 4

a. CNS and PNS neurons; neural crest derivatives

b. Pheochromocytoma, Neuroblastoma

Question 5

Glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP)

a. Normal tissue expression
b. Tumor

Answer 5

a. Glial cells

b. Astrocytoma, ependymomas

Question 6

Tartarate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)

a. Normal tissue expression
b. Tumor

Answer 6

a. TRAP

b. Hairy cell leukemia

Question 7

Chromogranin and synaptophysin

a. Normal tissue expression
b. Tumor

Answer 7

a. Neuroendocrine cells

b. Small cell carcinoma of the lung, carcinoid tumor

Question 8

CA - 125 associated with what tumor?

Answer 8

ovarian cancer

Question 9

CA-19-9 associated with what tumor?

Answer 9

colon and pancreatic cancer

Question 10

CA-15-3 associated with what tumor?

Answer 10

breast cancer

Question 11

TP53, APC, RAS mutants in stool and serum are associated with what tumor?

Answer 11

colon cancer

Question 12

TP53, RAS mutants in stool and serum are associated with what tumor?

Answer 12

pancreatic cancer

Question 13

TP53, RAS mutants in sputum and serum are associated with what tumor?

Answer 13

lung cancer

Question 14

TP53 mutants in urine are associated with what tumor?

Answer 14

bladder cancer

Question 15

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is associated with what tumor?

Answer 15

Trophoblastic tumor

Question 16

Calcitonin is associated with what tumor?

Answer 16

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid

Question 17

Catecholamine and metabolites are associated with what tumor?

Answer 17

Pheochromocytoma and related tumors

Question 18

Prostatic acid phosphatase is associated with what tumor?

Answer 18

Prostate cancer

Question 19

Neuron specific enolase is associated with what tumor?

Answer 19

Small cell cancer of the lung, neuroblastoma

Question 20

Immunoglobulins are associated with what tumor?

Answer 20

multiple myeloma and other gammopathies

Question 21

Carcinoembryonic antigen is associated with what tumor?

Answer 21

Carcinomas of the colon, pancreas, lung stomach and heart

Question 22

alpha-fetoprotein is associated with what tumor?

Answer 22

Liver cell cancer

Question 23

Increased Alkaline phosphatase levels indicates what?

Answer 23

Metastases to bone or liver, Paget disease of bone, seminoma (placental ALP). Exclude hepatic origin by checking LFTs and
GGT levels.

Question 24

LDH is associated with what tumor?

Answer 24

Testicular germ cell tumors, ovarian dysgerminoma, other cancers; Can be used as an indicator of tumor burden

Question 25

a. Pap smear is widely used to screen for what?
b. What does it allow for us to differentiate between?
c. It allows to recognize cellular changes characteristic of what?

Answer 25

a. carcinoma of the cervix
b. normal, dysplastic, and malignant cells
c. carcinoma in situ

Question 26

a. What technique can rapidly and quantitatively measure several individual cell characteristics, such as membrane antigens and the DNA content of tumor cells
b. this technique allows for identification and classification of tumors arising from what kind of cells

Answer 26

a. Flow cytometry

b.
T lymphocytes
B lymphocytes
mononuclear-phagocytic cells

Question 27

FISH is used for?

Answer 27

detection of leukemias and lymphomas associated with specific translocations