Neoplasia Flashcards
1
Q
Dysplasia
A
disordered growth = precursor to malignancy
2
Q
Tumour cell characteristics
A
Proliferation of cells which persists after the stimulus has been withdrawn = autonomous proliferation
- Progressive = fast growing
- Purposeless
- Regardless =compresses and invades surrounding tissue
- Not related to needs of the body = ie producing too many WBC
- Parasitic = competes for nutrition
3
Q
Benign vs Malignant
A
Gouped by
Clinical origin
Histological origin
4
Q
Epithelium
A
Papiloma = Benign Carcinoma = Malignant
5
Q
Melanocytes
A
Nevus = Benign
Malignant Melanoma = Malignant
6
Q
Fibrous
A
Fibroma = Benign Chondrosarcoma = Malignant
7
Q
Cartilage
A
Chondroma = Benign Chondrosarcoma = Malignant
8
Q
Bone
A
Osteoma = Benign Osteosarcoma= Malignant
9
Q
Fat
A
Lipoma = Benign Liposarcoma= Malignant
10
Q
Blood vessels
A
Haemangioma = Benign Haemangiosarcoma= Malignant
11
Q
Muscle
A
Myoma = Benign Myosarcoma = Malignant
12
Q
Routes of carcinoma spread
A
Local invasion Lymphatic spread Blood Transcoelomic = through serous sacs Intra-epithealial = gland end ducts Perineural = around nerves
13
Q
Carcinogenesis
A
Monoclonal + derived from single transformed cell
Genetic predisposition
Nuclear mutation = loss of proliferation control
Oncogenes + Tumour suppressor genes are defective
14
Q
Factors for carcinogenesis
A
Environmental = Chemical, radiation + virus Co-factors = Gender, race, hormones + age
15
Q
Stages of carcinogenesis
A
Initiation phase
Promotion phase
Appearance
