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FPC Stuff > Neonate and Paediatrics > Flashcards

Neonate and Paediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of Atropine as pre-treatment with succinylcholine

A

given due to the Bradydysrhythmia, Atropine is given for bradycardia

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2
Q

Why is lidocane used as a pre-treatment with succinylcholine

A

used in suspected or known head injury to lessen ICP associated with intubation

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3
Q

Most common cause of respiratory distress for preterm infants?

A

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)/ Hyaline membrane disease

Caused by deficiency in surfactant

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4
Q

Prostaglandins is given for?

think about transporting

A

Given during transport when the patient’s condition is deteriorating as indicated by the presence of metabolic acidosis or deterioration is anticipated before completion of transport

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5
Q

Prostaglandins is used for?

A

Keeping the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) opened

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6
Q

Size of ETT tube for preterm

A

it’s 3.0

if less than 28 weeks use 2.5

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7
Q

Full-term baby ETT size

A

3.5

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8
Q

How to calculate the depth of a preterm and Full term baby?

A

6+ weight in kg

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9
Q

How to calculate size of ET tube for 1 year old and above

A

(Age in years + 16)/4

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10
Q

Calculate the depth of ETT for 1 year old and above?

A

ETT size x 3

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11
Q

Why do we use cuffless ET tubes?

A

Prevent subglottic stenosis and ulceration

recommended for peds 8 years or younger due to cricoid cartilage is the narrowest portion of the trachea

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12
Q

What type of shift is caused by persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)?

Right to Left or Left to Right

A

Right to Left

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13
Q

Common side effects of Prostaglandins

A

Apnea and hypoventilation

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14
Q

Indomethacin is used for?

A

Used to accelerate closure of the PDA

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15
Q

Intravenous maintenance fluid formula

A

4cc for each of the 1st 10kg
2cc for each kilo 11 and above
1cc for each kilo 21 and above

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16
Q

Diaphragmatic hernia

A

Pleuroperitoneal cavity fails to close leading to abdominal contents migrating into the thoracic cavity, compressing developing lungs and causing pulmonary hyoplasia

17
Q

Hypoglycemia is treated in newborns by?

A

2-4mL/kg of 10 percent dextrose

18
Q

Contraindications for nasal intubations for pediatrics

A

Should not be completed on peds under 12 years old

19
Q

Most common abdominal injuries are caused by?

A

Blunt trauma

20
Q

Steeple Sign

A

Sign on a frontal radiograph of tracheal narrowing and suggestive of croup

21
Q

Thumbprint sign

A

finding on a lateral C-spine radiograph that suggests epiglottitis

22
Q

International Guidelines for Neonatal Resuscitation recommendations for noninitiation or discontinuation of resuscitation

A

birth weight under 500g
confirmed trisomy (13 or 18)
congenital hydrocephalus
severe fetal growth restriction
gestational age under 24 weeks

23
Q

Gastrochisis

A

defect in the abdominal wall that has completed its development and allows protrusion of abdominal contents which is not covered by a membrane

24
Q

Esophageal atresia

A

Congenital disorder in which baby’s esophagus does not form properly

inability to pass an oral gastric tube
excessive oral secretions
feeding intolerance

25
Q

Management for Esophageal atresia

A

Elevation of the head of the bed= prevent gastric reflux

26
Q

Newborn Respiratory Rate (BPM)

A

Average range is 40

27
Q

Infant Respiratory Rate (BPM)

A

Average range is 30

28
Q

Child (1-8)Respiratory Rate (BPM)

A

Average range is 20

29
Q

Adult Respiratory Rate (BPM)

A

Average range is 12-18

30
Q

Average Heart rate for newborns

A

> 120-160

31
Q

Average Heart rate for infants

A

100-120

32
Q

Average Heart rate for Child(1-8)

A

80-110

33
Q

Fetal Tachycardia is defined as?

A

Heart Rate above 160 for over 10 minutes

34
Q

Upon closure of the PDA, what does the structure become?

Pulmonary artery valve
Foramen Ovale
Ligamentrum Arteriosum
Collateral circulation

A

Ligamentrum Arteriosum

35
Q

based IAmed what is the glucose treatment method?

A

Neonate 2cc/kg D10
Infant 2cc/kg D25
Child 2cc/kg D50

36
Q

Formula for estimating peds weight with age

A

age x2 plus 8

in kgs

37
Q

location of veins/arteries in umbilical cord

think of a clock

A

12 o clock- vein
4/8 o clock arteries

38
Q

Recommended age for surgical crics on kids?

A

11 years old or higher

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