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Pediatric > Neonatal Ch 25 > Flashcards

Neonatal Ch 25 Flashcards

1
Q

infant during the early newborn period

A

Neonate

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2
Q

the ventricle in measured at this site on the axial view; anterior, occipital, and temporal horn junction

A

atrium (trigone) of the lateral ventricles

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3
Q

part of the brain connecting the forebrain and spinal cord; consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

A

brain stem

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4
Q

area of the brain that forms the lateral borders of the anterior horns, anterior to the thalamus

A

caudate nucleus

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5
Q

prominent structure best seen in the midline filled with cerebrospinal fluid in the premature infant

A

cavum septum pellucidum

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6
Q

area of the brain that lies posterior to the brain stem below the tentorium

A

cerebellum

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7
Q

largest part of the brain consisting of two equal hemispheres

A

cerebrum

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8
Q

echogenic cluster of cells important in the production of cerebrospinal fluid that lies along the atrium of the lateral ventricles

A

choroid plexus

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9
Q

reservoir for cerebrospinal fluid

A

cistern

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10
Q

prominent group of nerve fibers that connect the right and left side of the brain

A

corpus callosum

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11
Q

echogenic fibrous structure that separates the cerebral hemispheres

A

falx cerebri

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12
Q

soft space between the bones

A

fontanelle

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13
Q

fragile periventricular tissue that bleeds easily in the premature infant; includes the caudate nucleus

A

germinal matrix

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14
Q

three membranes enclosing the brain and spinal cord

A

meninges

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15
Q

groove on the surface of the brain that separates the gyri

A

sulcus

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16
Q

echogenic V-shaped “tent” structure in the posterior fossa that separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum

A

tentorium cerebelli

17
Q

the region at which the thalamus and caudate nucleus join

A

thalamic-caudate groove

18
Q

two ovoid brian structures located midbrain, situated on either side of the third ventricle superior to the brain stem

A

thalamus

19
Q

congenital blockage of the aqueduct connecting the third and forth ventricles causing dilation of the third and fourth ventricles

A

aqueductal stenosis

20
Q

severe case of inadequate oxygenation

A

asphyxia

21
Q

transducer is placed above the ear (above the canthomeatal line)

A

axial plane

22
Q

congenital defect in which the cerebellum and brain stem are pulled toward the spinal cord (banana sign)

A

chiari malformation

23
Q

transducer is perpendicular to the anterior fontanelle in the coronal axis of the head

A

coronal plane

24
Q

abnormal development of the fourth ventricle; often accompanied by hydrocphalus

A

dandy-walker malformation

25
Q

treatment for infants with severe respiratory failure who have not responded to conventional ventilatory support

A

extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

26
Q

congenital defect characterized by abnormal single ventricular cavity with some form of thalami fusion

A

holoprosencephaly

27
Q

ventriculomegaly in the neonate resulting in compression and often destruction of brain tissue

A

hydrocephalus

28
Q

decreased oxygen in the body

A

hypoxia

29
Q

echogenic white matter necrosis best seen in the posterior aspect of the brian or adjacent to the ventricular structure

A

periventricular leukomalacia

30
Q

perpendicular to the coronal plane with the transducer in the anterior fontanelle

A

sagittal plane

31
Q

site of hemorrhage for the germinal matrix; fragile area beneath the ependyma that is subject to bleeding in the premature neonate

A

subependyma

32
Q

cyst that occurs at the site of a previous bleed in the germinal matrix

A

subependymal cyst

33
Q

inflammation/infection of the ventricles, which appears as echogenic linear structures along the gyri

A

ventriculitis

Pediatric (10 decks)

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