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Pediatric > Final Review Part 2 > Flashcards

Final Review Part 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Bilateral renal enlargement is seen with which one of the following conditions?

A

Autosomal recessive kidney disease

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1
Q

Between which one of the following ranges of age is the incidence of Wilms tumor peak?

A

2 to 5

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2
Q 
The adrenal medulla in neonate appears as a(an)?
A. Hypoechoic central focus
B. Echogenic stripe
C. Isoechoic to adrenal cortex
D. Both a and c
A

B. Echogenic stripe

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3
Q 
The left adrenal gland \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A. Extends lateral to the kidney
B. Lies inferior to upper pole of kidney
C. Extends medial to kidney
D. Is ovoid in shape in longitudinal plane
A

C. Extends medial to kidney

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4
Q

Most common cause of bladder outlet obstruction in male neonate is?

A

Posterior urethral valve obstruction

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5
Q

Sonographic findings in adrenal hemorrhage of the neonate include all of the following conditions except?
A. Blunting of superior pole of underlying kidney
B. Ovoid enlargement of adrenal glad
C. Irregular shaped small gland
D. Complex echo texture

A

C. Irregular shaped small gland

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6
Q

Neuroblastoma is typically a malignant tumor of the ________.

A

Adrenal

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7
Q 
Clinical signs of renal vein thrombosis in neonate include all the following except?
A. Renal enlargement
B. Hematuria
C. High platelet count
D. Proteinuria
A

C. High platelet count

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8
Q 
Which one of the following genitourinary problems is commonly associated with prune belly?
A. Small bladder
B. Ureteral reflux
C. Chronic pyelonephritis
D. MCDK
A

B. Ureteral reflux

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9
Q 
Which one of the following conditions occurs when fetus is stressed during a difficult delivery or hypoxic insult?
A. Renal hemorrhage
B. Acute renal failure
C. Adrenal hemorrhage
D. Urinary obstruction
A

C. Adrenal hemorrhage

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10
Q

The duplication of the uterus with a common cervix is a ________ uterus.

A

Bicornuate

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11
Q

Blood filled vagina and uterus is know as?

A

Hematometrocolpos

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12
Q 
Which one of the following demonstrates a small and laterally positioned uterus?
A. Septate
B. Didelphys
C. Bicornuate
D. Unicornuate
A

D. Unicornuate

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13
Q

A fluid filled vagina is called?

A

Hydrocolpos

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14
Q

A duplication of the uterus, cervix, and vagina is a _________ uterus?

A

Didelphys

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15
Q

In which one of the following conditions May blood be seen in cervix and uterine cavities?

A

Vaginal atresia

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16
Q

Sonographic appearance of a cigar-shaped uterus that deviates to one side is a _________.

A

Unicornuate uterus

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17
Q

Early in development both sexes appear similar until the _____ week of gestation.

A

Ninth

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18
Q

Which of the following ducts forms most of the female genital tract?

A

Paramesonephric ducts

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19
Q

In newborn female the uterus is prominent with _______ endometrial lining?

A

Thickened hyperechoic

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20
Q

The uterus is supplied by the ________ arteries?

A

Internal iliac

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21
Q

Funds to cervix ratio in 10 year old girl is _______.

A

1:1

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22
Q

Congenital anomalies of uterus have a high association with which one of the following anomalies?

A

Renal

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23
Q 
Types of mullerian abnormalities include all the following except:
A. Improper fusion
B. Incomplete development of one side
C. Incomplete vaginal canalizations
D. Improper location of vagina
A

D. Improper location of vagina

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24
Q

Which one of the following should be evaluated in children with precocious puberty?

A

Adrenal

25
Q

Most common cause of female psuedohermaphrodites is

A

Congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia

26
Q

The cranial parts of the paramesonephric ducts form the?

A

Uterine tubes

27
Q

An anomaly of the uterus in which two closely spaced cavities are seen with only one fundus is?

A

Septate uterus

28
Q 
A differential diagnosis of ovarian teratoma may include which one of the following?
A. Hydrometrocolpos
B. Hematometrocolpos
C. Appendicitis
D. Urachal cyst
A

C. Appendicitis

29
Q

Which one of the following uterine conditions has the highest incidence of fertility problems?

A

Septate uterus

30
Q 
The bilobed uterine cavity with wide-spaced cavities and a low incidence of fertility complications is which one of the following?
A. Didelphys uterus
B. Bicornuate uterus
C. Vaginal atresia
D. Unicornuate uterus
A

B. Bicornuate uterus

31
Q

Ovarian size in neonate to postpubertal girl is the most accurate using?

A

Ovarian volume

32
Q

Congenital anomalies occur in approximately what percent of female patients?

A

0.5

33
Q

Errors in sexual development result in which of the following?

A

Ambiguous genitalia

35
Q 
Large ovarian cysts have a high incidence in infants of mothers of all of the following except:
A. Toxemia
B. Diabetes
C. DES exposure
D. Rh isoimmunization
A

C. DES exposure

36
Q

Hip bones are the fusion of three separate bones, which of the following does not belong?

A

femur

37
Q

The femur is surrounded by all of the following structures except:

a. Bursa
b. Muscles
c. Ligaments
d. Tendons

A

a. Bursa

38
Q

Largest nerve in the upper thigh is?

note she would put anterior or posterior

A

sciatic nerve

39
Q

The contents of the femoral triangle include all of the following structures except:

A

bursa

40
Q

The articulation of the head of the femur with the acetabulum of the hip helps to form the ______.

A

hip joint

41
Q

The ligament in the shape of an inverted “y” or “v” passing from the anterior infermoral iliac spine to each end of the trochanter line is the?

a. iliofemoral
b. obturator
c. femoral
d. gluteal

A

a. iliofemoral

42
Q

When a person crosses his or her leg in a sitting position, which of the following muscle groups is used?

A

adduction

43
Q

In the coronal neutral view, the sonographic findings of a frankly dislocated hip is which one of the following:

a. the femoral head rests against the acetabulum
b. the femoral head migrates laterally and superiorly with decreased coverage of the femoral head
c. the acetabular roof is irregular and angled
d. the labrum may be deformed

A

d. the labrum may be deformed

44
Q

In the “push, pull” maneuver, which one of the following is seen in the normal hip in the coronal neutral view?

A

a. femoral head should never be over the acetabulum

Didn’t get the actual answer but this is what she said

45
Q

Indications for sonography of the neonatal hip include all of the following except:

A

sacral dimple

46
Q

The hip of a normal infant has a graf angle of ________ degrees.

A

less than 60

47
Q

The coronal neutral view of subluxed infant hip demonstrates which of the following?

a. irregular and angled acetabular roof
b. deformed labrum
c. femoral head gradually migrating superiorly and laterally with decreased coverage
d. femoral head resting against the bony acetabulum

A

c. femoral head gradually migrating superiorly and laterally with decreased coverage

48
Q

Which one of the following hips gives the appearance of a “ball on a spoon” in the mid acetabulum in the coronal flexion view?

A

normal

49
Q

Which one of the following describes the femoral head completely out of the acetabulum?

a. normal hip with abduction
b. dislocated hip
c. hip fracture
d. hip dysplasia

A

dislocated hip

50
Q

Sonographic examination of the infant hip is performed with?

A

linear array transducer

51
Q

Sonographic protocol of the basic hip anatomy is imaged in _______ different views?

A

four

52
Q

A type IV hip has a alpha angle of and beta angle of?

A

less than 43; immesearable

53
Q

The alpha angle is the angle between the _______ and the _______.

A

baseline; acetabular roof line

54
Q

The beta angle is the angle between the _______ and the ________.

A

baseline, inclination line

55
Q

In the ______ maneuver, down and out pressure is applied with the patient lying in supine position with the hip adducted and hip flexed 90 degrees.

A

Barlow

56
Q

The greater saphenous vein connects with the femoral vein after passing through which one of the following structures?

a. femoral triangle
b. femoral opening
c. ingunial canal
d. saphenous opening

A

d. saphenous opening

57
Q

The anterior thigh muscle is also known as which of the following?

A

extensor

58
Q

The main arterial supply for the thigh muscles is the _______ artery.

a. common femoral
b. femoral
c. internal iliac
d. profunda femoris

A

d. profunda femoris

59
Q

Which one of the following is moving sideways outward?

a. flexion
b. adduction
c. abduction
d. extension

A

c. abduction

60
Q

The physical signs of DDH include all of the following except:

a. prominence of the trochanter
b. extreme abduction
c. shortening of the femur
d. asymmetry of gluteal skin folds

A

extreme abduction

61
Q

With treatment of the hip displacement using Pavlik harness the hip should be placed in flexion, with abduction and _______.

A

external rotation

Pediatric (10 decks)

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