Neonatal Calf disease Flashcards
1
Q
Causes of Scour
A
- ETEC
- Salmonella (dublin/typhimurium)
- rota/coronavirus
- cryptosporidium
- coccidiosis
2
Q
ETEC
- what
- age
- pathogenesis
- CS (7)
A
E.Coli
- <5 days
- binds to the intestine via the K99 antigen: secretory diarrhoea (NaCl out)
CS:
- young
- profuse foul smelling scour
- sick calf
- ± blood
- ± pyrexia
- wet mouth
- watery belly
3
Q
Salmonella
- what
- age
- pathogenesis
- CS (5)
A
<2 months but any age
malabsorption/osmotic: binds to villi and stops them absorbing fluid
CS:
- pyrexia
- ± blood
- septicaemia
- vascular necrosis
- herd signs
ZOONTOIC
4
Q
Rota/corona virus
- what
- age
- pathogenesis
- CS (3)
A
- 5-21 days
- malabsorption/osmotic, sloughing and atrophy of villi
CS:
- white scour
- very dehydrated
- NO blood or septicaemia
5
Q
Cryptosporidium
- what
- age
- pathogenesis
- CS (3)
A
- 1-3 weeks
- protozoa cause villus atrophy: malabsorptiom/osmotic
CS:
- dehydrated
- scour
- less sever systemic signs
ZOONOTIC
6
Q
Coccidiosis
- what
- age
- pathogenesis
- CS (4)
A
3 weeks- 3 months
-rupture of enterocytes: malabsorption/osmotic
CS:
- older
- black, bloody scour
- tenesmus
- abdominal pain
7
Q
Assessment of calf scour
A
demeanour: suckle reflex, recumbency
Temperature: up or down
hydration
respiratory rate
asscess acidosis:
-suckle, ability to stand, respiration, oral cavity
8
Q
Tx of scour
A
- fluids: need to spike with bicarb as NaCl has none and unable to access the lactate in hartmanns
- ABs
- NSAIds
crypto: halofuginone
coccidiosis: decoquinate, diclazuril, toltrazuril
9
Q
ABs in scour
- pros (3)
- cons (3)
A
Pro:
- prevention/treatment of bacteraemia or septicaemia
- decrease number of intestinal coliforms
- compensation for failure of passive transfer
con:
- AB resistance
- most common are rotavirus and cryptosporidosis
- effect on commensal gut bacteria
10
Q
Umbilical infection
- routes (3)
- Tx (2)
A
- urachus –> bladder
- umbilical vein –> liver
- umbilical artery –> iliac artery
systemic ABs: ampicilin, tetracylcine
11
Q
Joint ill
- AKA
- Common pathogens (6)
- CS (3)
- Tx
A
AKA septic arthritis
common pathogens:
- E.Coli
- strep
- staph
- acranobacterium pyogenes
- salmonella
- fusobacterium necrophorum
CS:
- joint swellings
- pyrexia
- ± swollen navel
Tx: 3 weeks broad spec ABs, NSAID
12
Q
Meningitis
- linked
- pathogens
- CS (6)
- Tx
- Prognosis
A
linked to septicaemia and pneumonia
E.Coli/ step
CS:
- depression
- neck pain
- star gazing
- head pressing
- pyrexia (initally)
- fitting
Tx: ABs that will cross BB: chloramphenicols, penicillin, oxytet.
Prognosis: Poor
