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CC Quiz Study Guides > Neonatal And OB Emergencies > Flashcards

Neonatal And OB Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

What does APGAR stand for?

A

Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respirations.

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2
Q

When is the APGAR scale performed?

A

1 minute after baby is born. Then every 5 minutes until an APGAR of 7 or higher is obtained.

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3
Q

What do you do when a baby is born?

A

Dry, Warm, Position, Stimulate, Suction

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4
Q

What is the number 1 cause of bradycardia in newborns and infants?

A

Hypoxia

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5
Q

What do you do if there is meconium staining present for active and limp babies?

A

Active: Dry vigorously and monitor.
Limp: consider intubation

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6
Q

A premature baby means the baby is could be how many weeks?

A

22-36 weeks

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7
Q

A newborn baby means baby is how old?

A

Birth to 23 hours old

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8
Q

Neonate means baby is how old?

A

1 day to 28 days.

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9
Q

Infant means the patient is how old?

A

1 month to a year old

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10
Q

The three H’s of a limp infant are?

A

Hypoxia, Hypothermia, Hypoglycemia.

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11
Q

What physiologic differences are in a neonate?

A

Fetal hemoglobin is leftward shifted. High BSA to body mass ratio, presence of brown adipose tissue, and patent ductus arteriosum

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12
Q

What is RDS?

A

Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

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13
Q

When is RDS typically present?

A

Premature birth less than 37 weeks.

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14
Q

What is the treatment for RDS?

A

Administer Surfactant in the ETT then ventilate patient.

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15
Q

What if Oxygen makes the patient worse?

A

It is a Cyanotic Lesion.

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16
Q

What does the patient need for treatment of cyanotic lesions?

A

Administration of Prostaglandins

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17
Q

What if the patient gets better with ventilation then decompensates?

A

Pneumothorax

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18
Q

What is the treatment of a pneumothorax?

A

Decompress in the 4th intercostal space mid to axillary line with a 24-18G needle. Attach a 3 way stopcock and a 10-20cc syringe to withdrawal air.

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19
Q

What is a common cause of seizures in neonates?

A

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE)

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20
Q

What does HIE need?

A

Hypothermic treatment. (33 degrees Celsius)

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21
Q

What medication is used to treat seizures in neonates?

A

Phenobarbital, Forsphenytoin, Midazolam

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22
Q

What is the dose of Phenobarbital?

A

20mg/kg slow IVP

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23
Q

What is the dose of Fosphenytoin?

A

20mg/kg slow IVP

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24
Q

What is the dose of midazolam?

A

0.2 mg/kg IM

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25
Q

What are the two major types of lesions in congenital heart defects?

A

Acyanotic, and Cyanotic

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26
Q

What type of Cyanotic lesions are there?

A

Tetralogy of Fallot, Transposition of the great arteries.

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27
Q

What is an Acyanotic heart lesion?

A

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

28
Q

What is HLHS?

A

The patients left ventricle is underdeveloped, Patients Aorta is underdeveloped, Patient has an arterial septal defect. Edema to face, and back. Hepatomegaly.

29
Q

What is the transposition of the great arteries?

A

A birth defect in which the two main arteries carrying blood out of the heart, The main pulmonary artery and the aorta are switched in position or transposed.

30
Q

What is Blalock-Taussig Shunt?

A

A shunt used to create a pathway for blood to go from the arterial circulation to the lungs.

31
Q

What is a possible treatment for Tetralogy of Fallot, or HLHS?

A

Blalock-Taussig Shunt

32
Q

What is Tetralogy of Fallot?

A

4 Heart defects. Enlarged right ventricle, Stenotic pulmonary valve, Ventricular septal defect, and Shifting of the body’s main artery (Aorta) .

33
Q

What are Neonatal Cardiac meds?

A

Digoxin, Ace Inhibitors, and Diuretics,

34
Q

What is the protrusion of the intentions with lining covering?

A

Omphalocele

35
Q

What is a protrusion of intestines without lining covering.

A

Gastroschisis

36
Q

What is a protrusion of the spinal cord from the back?

A

Myelomeningocele

37
Q

Cardiac arrest ratio?

A

3:1

38
Q

Tube size for neonates?

A

Weeks of gestation divided by 10

39
Q

EPI 1:10 dose for neonates?

A

0.001mg/kg

40
Q

Atropine dose for neonates?

A

0.02 mg/kg

41
Q

Adenosine dose for Neonates?

A

0.1mg/kg and repeat at 0.2mg/kg

42
Q

Cardioversion in a Neonate?

A

0.5-1 J/kg

43
Q

Treatment for hypoglycemia in a neonate?

A

2 mL/kg IV bolus of D10W

44
Q

Treatment of dehydration in neonates?

A

10mL/kg NS bolus

45
Q

In pregnant patients patients blood volume does what?

A

Increases 30-50% as early as 6 weeks and peaks at 28-34 weeks.

46
Q

What happens to pregnant people’s cardiac output?

A

Increases by 30-50%

47
Q

What is gestational hypertension also referred as?

A

PIH

48
Q

What is the typical onset of gestational hypertension?

A

After 20 weeks

49
Q

When does BP normalize?

A

12 weeks postpartum

50
Q

What is pregnancy’s typical acid base?

A

Respiratory Alkalosis

51
Q

What do you administer for preterm labor?

A

Terbutaline and magnesium sulfate

52
Q

What are the signs of magnesium toxicity?

A

Loss of deep tendon reflexs, hypotension, and respiratory depression or CNS depression.

53
Q

Reversal for magnesium toxicity?

A

Administer calcium

54
Q

What is it called when the placenta is tearing away from the uterine wall?

A

Abruptio placenta

55
Q

What is it called when the placenta is first and could be hemorrhaging?

A

Placenta previa

56
Q

What is it called when there is catastrophic bleeding and severe abdominal pain?

A

Uterine rupture

57
Q

What is the signs of superimposed preeclampsia?

A

History of chronic HTN with one of the following:

*New onset of proteinuria
*HTN and proteinuria before 20th week of gestation
*sudden increase in proteinuria
*Sudden increase in BP
*Abnormal ALT and AST levels
*thrombocytopenia

58
Q

Presence of Hypertension, pathologic edema and proteinuria due to pregnancy or recent pregnancy?

A

Preeclampsia

59
Q

Presence of hypertension, pathologic edema, and proteinuria due to pregnancy that escalates to seizures?

A

Eclampsia

60
Q

What is HELLP syndrome?

A

Hemolytic anemia, Elevated liver enzyme levels, and Low Platelet Count

61
Q

What medications are used as anti hypertensive meds in pregnancy?

A

Magnesium Sulfate, Labetalol, Hydralazine, Procardia

62
Q

What is the pneumonic for FHM readings?

A

Veal Chop

63
Q

What does Veal Chop stand for?

A

V: Variable C: Cord
E: Early H: Head
A: Accels. O: Ok
L: Late P: Placenta

64
Q

What does G stand for?

A

Gravita # of pregnancy’s

65
Q

What does P stand for?

A

Para # of deliveries

CC Quiz Study Guides (11 decks)

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