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Microbiologie > Neonatal and childhood infections > Flashcards

Neonatal and childhood infections Flashcards

1
Q

What are the current infections screened for in preggo?

A

Hep B
HIV
Syphilis

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2
Q

How do congenital infections present?

A

TORCH

Toxoplasmosis 
Other - Syphilis, HIV, Hep B
Rubella 
Cytomegalovirus 
HSV
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3
Q

What can congenital toxoplasmosis cause?

A

Deafness, low IQ, microcephaly

Choroidoretinitis 
Microcephaly/hydrocephalus 
Intracranial calcifications 
Seizures 
Hepatosplenomegaly/jaundice
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4
Q

How does congenital rubella syndrome cause damage?

A

Cataracts, microophtalmia, glaucoma, retinopathy

Cardio - PDA, ASD/VSD

Deafness

Microcephaly, meningoencephalitis, dev delay

Thrombocytopaenia, rash,

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5
Q

What infection is most commonly transmitted during delivery and how does it present?

A

Chlamydia

Neonatal conjunctivitis or rarely pneumonia

Give erythromycin

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6
Q

What are the 3 pathogens often associated with neonatal infections?

A

GBS
E Coli
Listeria

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7
Q

How is GBS classified?

A

Gram +ve cocci
Catalase -ve
Beta haemolytic

Organised in chains

Lancefield group B

Commonly causes meningitis, joint infections, bacteraemia

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8
Q

How is E coli classified?

A

Gram -ve rod

Commonly causes Bacteraemia, meningitis, UTI

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9
Q

How is Listeria classified?

A

Gram +ve rod

Haemolysis on colonies

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10
Q

What are the first line empirical treatment for neonatal infections?

A

Benzylpenicilin for GBS
Gentamycinfor E coli

Amoxicillin for meningitis

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11
Q

What are the abx given in late onset sepsis in neonates?

A

1st line - Cefotaxime and vancomycin

2nd line - Meropenem

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12
Q

What are the diagnostic tools for meningitis?

A 
Blood culture 
Throat swab
LP
Rapid antigen screen 
EDTA blood for PCR
Clotted serum for serology
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13
Q

How is strep pneumo classified?

A

Gram +ve diplococci
Alpha haemolytic strep
Capsular serotype

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14
Q

What is the difference between alpha and beta haemolysis in blood agar?

A

Beta-hemolysin breaks down the red blood cells and hemoglobin completely. This leaves a clear zone around the bacterial growth. Such results are referred to as β-hemolysis (beta hemolysis). Alpha-hemolysin partially breaks down the red blood cells and leaves a greenish color behind.

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15
Q

How is H influenzae classified?

A

Gram - ve rod

cause meningitis and pneumonia

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16
Q

What is the most important cause of URTI?

A

S pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pn in olde children - give macrolide (azithromycin)

17
Q

How does mycoplasma pneumonia present?

A

Headache, pharyngitis, haemolysism arthiritis

18
Q

What is whooping cough mostly caused by?

A

Bordetella pertussis

TB

19
Q

Which is the most common type of meningococcal disease?

A

Men B

20
Q

What is the most common cause of death of kids < 5

A

Pneumomia

Microbiologie (11 decks)

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