HIV in African kids Flashcards
What is an early indication of HIV infection?
Chronic swelling of the parotids
What skin manifestations can be seen in HIV?
Molluscum contagiosum
Folliuculitic skin rash
Which skin manifestation is almost pathognomonic in HIV?
Shingles with trigeminal nerve involvement
What respiratory manifestations can be seen in HIV?
Lymphoid interstitial penuomonitis
Pneumocystis pneuomonia
What does a HIV co infection with HHV 8 result in?
Kaposi’s sarcoma - cancer cells are found in the skin or mucous membranes that line the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, from mouth to anus, including the stomach and intestines. These tumors appear as purple patches or nodules on the skin and/or mucous membranes and can spread to lymph nodes and lungs.
What can cause sight threatening retinitis?
CMV coinfection
What is Pott’s disease?
TB of the spine
When do most vertical transmissions occur?
Towards the end of pregnancy
What is the biggest risk factor for vertical transmission?
Maternal plasma viral load
Why is the first twin ate higher risk of HIV transmission?
They sweep clear the cervicovaginal secretions and are more likely to swallow any ascending infections after ROM
What can compromise the placenta’s role of being an effective barrier in HIV transmission?
Toxoplasmosis
Malaria
Any infections causing choreoamnionitis
Name of aspect of labour that increases the risk of transmission?
Prolonged rupture of membranes
Name of aspect of labour that reduces the risk of transmission?
C section
How do you decide between breast feeding the baby or formula feeding?
If infant mortality rate in the area us > 40/1000 live births - Breast feed and ARVs for mum and bebe as formula feeding can cause severe diarrhoea in bebes
What are the guidelines for ART treatment in HIV mothers and bebes?
Triple ARVs in all pregnant and breast feeding women for duration of transmission risk of for their entire life if their CD4 < 500
Breast bebes should be given daily NVPs for 6 weeks
