neo-natology

Question 1

persistent pulm HTN of the newborn

Answer 1

• persistent fetal circulation
• acute/chronic hypoxia in utero
• failure of pulm vasculature resistant to fall w/ postnatal lung expansion + oxygenation

Question 2

risk factors for PPHN

Answer 2

meconium aspiration
severe RDS
diaphragmatic hernia
pulm hypoplasia
neonatal PNA sepsis
Down syndrome

Question 3

treatment of PPHN

Answer 3

supplemental O2, hyperventilation, NaHCo3

Question 4

nec enterocolitis

Answer 4

acute intestinal necrosis - premature infants

-feeding intolerance, abdominal distension, occult blood in stool, dilated bowel loop / pneumatosis intestinalis

Question 5

IVH (intraventricular hemorrhage)

Answer 5

bleeding of the germinal matrix

-motor / intellectual disabilities - grade III/IV IVH

Question 6

neurofibromatosis type I diagnosis

Answer 6

2+ of the following:

1) 6+ cafe-au-lait spots
2) axillary/inguinal freckling
3) lisch nodule, neurofibromas
4) osseous lesions (sphenoid dysplasia)
5) optic gliomas
6) 1st degree relative w/ signs

Question 7

phakomatoses

Answer 7

neurocutaneous diseases w/ lesions in the nervous system, skin, eyes.
3 autosomal dominant conditions (neurofibromatosis, tuberous sclerosis, von hippel lindau) / sturge-weber

Question 8

sturge-weber syndrome

Answer 8

neurologic deterioration + port-wine stain (nevus flammeus)

seizures, hemiparesis, visual impairment, glaucoma

Question 9

how to detect corneal abrasions?

Answer 9

examine surface of eye with fluorescein drops under a blue-filter light