Nematodes Flashcards
Strongyloides stercoralis - where are larvae found?
soil - gain access to body by penetrating the skin
Strongyloides stercoralis features
Diarrhoea, abdominal pain, papulovesicular lesions
Strongyloides stercoralis treatment
Ivermectin and bendazoles
Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) features
peri-anal itching particularly @ night
Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) how to diagnose?
Apply sticky plastic tape to perianal area and send to lab for microscopy to see eggs
Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus (hookworms) - how does this cause disease ?
Larvae penetrate skin of feet; GI infection –> anaemia
Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus (hookworms) treatment?
Bendazoles
Loa loa transmission
deer fly and mango fly
Loa loa symptoms
Red itchy swellings below the skin called ‘Calabar swellings’ - may be observed when crossing conjunctivae
Loa loa treatment
Diethylcarbamazine
Trichinella spiralis cause
Occurs after eating raw pork
Trichinella spiralis features
Fever, periorbital oesema, myositis (larvae encyst in muscle)
Trichinella spiralis treatment
Bendazoles
Onchocerca volvulus cause?
Female blackflies - causes ‘RIVER BLINDNESS’
Onchocerca volvulus features
blindness, hyperpigmented skin, possible allergic reaction to microfilaria
Onchocerca volvulus treatment
IVERMectin - RIVERblindness
Wuchereria bancrofti transmission
Female mosquito
Wuchereria bancrofti symptoms
blockage of lymphatics - elephantiasis
Wuchereria bancrofti treatment
Diethylcarbamazine
Toxocara canis (dog roundworm) transmission
Ingestion of infective eggs
Toxocara canis (dog roundworm) features
Visceral larva migrans and retinal granulomas - VISCious dogs –> blindness
Toxocara canis (dog roundworm) treatment
Diethylcarbamazine
Ascaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) features
Intestinal obstruction and occasionally migrate to lung (Loffler’s syndrome)
Ascaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) treatment
Bendazoles
