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MRCP part 1 > Antiviral Agents > Flashcards

Antiviral Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Aciclovir MOA

A

Guanosine analog, phosphorylated by thymidine kinase which in turn inhibits the viral DNA polymerase

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2
Q

Aciclovir indication

A

HSV, VZV

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3
Q

Aciclovir adverse effects/toxicity

A

Crystalline nephropathy

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4
Q

Ganciclovir MOA

A

Guanosine analog, phosphorylated by thymidine kinase which in turn inhibits the viral DNA polymerase

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5
Q

Ganciclovir indication

A

CMV

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6
Q

Ganciclovir adverse effects/toxicity

A

Myelosuppression/agranulocytosis

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7
Q

Ribavirin MOA

A

Guanosine analog which inhibits inosine monophosphate (IMP) dehydrogenase, interferes with the capping of viral mRNA

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8
Q

Ribavarin indications

A

Chronic hepatitis C, RSV

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9
Q

Ribavarin adverse effects/toxicity

A

Haemolytic anaemia

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10
Q

Amantidine MOA

A

Inhibits uncoating (M2 protein) of virus in cell. Also releases dopamine from nerve endings

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11
Q

Amantidine indications

A

Influenza, Parkinson’s disease

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12
Q

Amantidine adverse effects

A

Confusion, ataxia, slurred speech

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13
Q

Oseltamivir MOA

A

Inhibits neuraminidase

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14
Q

Oseltamivir indications

A

Influenza

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15
Q

Foscarnet MOA

A

Pyrophosphate analog which inhibits viral DNA polymerase

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16
Q

Foscarnet indication

A

CMV, HSV if not responding to aciclovir

17
Q

foscarnet advere effects/toxicity

A

Nephrotoxicity, hypocalcaemia, hypomagnasaemia, seizures

18
Q

Interferon-α MOA

A

Human glycoproteins which inhibit synthesis of mRNA

19
Q

Interferon-α indications

A

Chronic hepatitis B & C, hairy cell leukaemia

20
Q

Interferon-α adverse effects

A

Flu-like symptoms, anorexia, myelosuppression

21
Q

Cidofovir MOA

A

Acyclic nucleoside phosphonate, and is therefore independent of phosphorylation by viral enzymes (compare and contrast with aciclovir/ganciclovir)

22
Q

Cidofovir indications

A

CMV retinitis in HIV

23
Q

Cidofovir adverse effects

A

Nephrotoxicity

24
Q

Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) examples

A

zidovudine (AZT), didanosine, lamivudine, stavudine, zalcitabine

25
Q

Protease inhibitors (PI) in HIV - how do they work?

A

inhibits a protease needed to make the virus able to survive outside the cell

26
Q

Protease inhibitors examples

A

indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir

27
Q

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) examples

A

nevirapine, efavirenz

MRCP part 1 (44 decks)

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