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Parasites > Nematodes 1 > Flashcards

Nematodes 1 Flashcards

1
Q

sexual dimorphism

A

males are smaller and have an accessory copulatory structure

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2
Q

digestive tract

A

from mouth and buccal cavity through oesophagus and intestine to anus or cloaca

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3
Q

cell layers of intestine

A

single layer of cells

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4
Q

female organs

A

paired ovaries
oviduct
paired uteri
vagina opening by vulva

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5
Q

male organs

A

testis
vas deferens
ejaculatory duct
cloaca
accessory genitals
weak developed caudal cuticular alae
well developed copulatory bursa

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6
Q

what larval stage is infective

A

L3

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7
Q

life cycle

A

either direct or indirect

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8
Q

another name for strongyloidosis

A

dwarf worms

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9
Q

causes of strongyloidosis

A

strongyloides ransomi
s. papillosus
s. westeri
s. stercoralis

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10
Q

morphology of strongyloides

A

2-8mm long
slender
white
genital pore at the middle of the female

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11
Q

predilection sites of strongyloides

A

prox third part of small intestine
- extraintestinal migration

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12
Q

homogonic development

A

parasitic cycle with unfavourable external conditions
in young animals
Egg –> L1 –> L2, L3 —> infection —> parasitic adult

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13
Q

what is autoinfection

A

L3 wont be shed and immediately infects the host

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14
Q

life cycle of strongyloidosis

A

direct

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15
Q

heterogonic development

A

a parasitic cycle and free libing reproductive cycles in favourable external conditions
older animals
Egg –> L1, L2, L3 –> free living in males and females —> egg –> L1, L2, L3 –> parasitic adult

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16
Q

s. ransomi host

A

pig

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17
Q

s. papillosus host

A

ruminant
rabbit

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18
Q

s. westeri host

A

horse
donkey

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19
Q

s. stercoralis host

A

dog
fox
cat
man

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20
Q

clinical signs of strongyloides in 2-4 weeks old piglets =

A

bloody diarrhoea, anaemia, emaciation, exsiccosis

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21
Q

clinical signs of strongyloides 1-3month old calf =

A

coughing, dysponea, fever, anorexia, diarrhoea, anaemia

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22
Q

faecal examination of strongyloides

A

flotation

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23
Q

eggs of strongyloides

A

ellipsoidal
thin shelled
very small
40-50 um
containing a morula or L1

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24
Q

s. ransomi infection

A

larval development arrested for a long time therefore mmigrate to the mammary gland and infection is via colostrum and lactogenic

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25
Q

s. papillosus infection

A

percutan

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26
Q

s. westeri infection

A

colostal & lactogenic infection

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27
Q

s. stercoralis infection

A

autoinfection and percutan via rectum

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28
Q

necroscopy of strongyloides

A

in mucosa or the mucosal scrapings taken from the mucosa of the small intestine - 1m from pylorus

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29
Q

autoinfection of strongyloides

A

when L3 wont be shed and it will immediately infect the host

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30
Q

causes of strongylidosis

A

adults of large and small strongyles

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31
Q

small strongyles

A

cyathostomum
triodontophorus
cylicocyclus

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32
Q

large strongyles

A

stryongylus vulgaris
s. equinus
s. edentates
s. asini

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33
Q

large strongyles morphology

A

2.5-5cm long
greyish red
developed large buccal capsule in its base
tooth like projections

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34
Q

number of tooth like projections in s. vulgaris

A

2

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35
Q

number of tooth like projections in s. equinus

A

4

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36
Q

number of tooth like projections in s. edentatus

A

0

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37
Q

small strongyles morphology

A

0.5 - 2cm in length
white to dark red
ring shaped buccal capsule

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38
Q

predilection site of strongyles

A

caecum or colon

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39
Q

life cycle of strongyles

A

direct

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40
Q

prepatent period of s. vulgaris

A

6 months

41
Q

prepatent period of s. equinus

A

9 months

42
Q

prepatent period of s. edentates

A

11months

43
Q

host of strongyles

A

equines

44
Q

s. equinus infection route

A

L3 –> large intestine –> peritoneal cavity –> liver –>pancreas —>lumen of large intestine –>
thrombus formation in mesenteric artery

45
Q

clinical signs of strongyles

A

inapparent
rarely diarrhoea
unthriftness
anaemia

46
Q

faecal exam of strongyles

A

flotation

47
Q

strongyles eggs

A

90um long
oval
thin shelled

48
Q

length of s. vulgaris

A

1020um

49
Q

length of s. edentatus

A

790um

50
Q

length of s. equinus

A

980um

51
Q

length of small strongyles

A

800um

52
Q

body: tail of s. vulgaris

A

2.5: 1

53
Q

body: tail of s. edentatus

A

2: 1

54
Q

body: tail of s. equinus

A

2:1

55
Q

body: tail of small strongyles

A

1.5:1

56
Q

no. of gut cells of s. vulgaris

A

32

57
Q

no. of gut cells of s. edentatus

A

20

58
Q

no. of gut cells of s. equinus

A

16

59
Q

no. of gut cells of small strongyles

A

8

60
Q

characteristic of s. vulgaris

A

stumpy short

61
Q

characteristic of s. edentatus

A

slender medium

62
Q

characteristic of s. equinus

A

slender medium

63
Q

characteristic of small strongyles

A

stumpy medium

64
Q

necroscopy findings of strongyles

A

adults in caecum and colon

65
Q

cause of strongylosis

A

infection of extraintestinal migrating larvae of large strongyles

66
Q

predilection site of s. vulgaris larva

A

submucosa and wall of caecum and colon, a. mesenterica cranialis

67
Q

predilection site of s. equinus larva

A

subserosa of colon
abdominal cavity
liver
pancrease

68
Q

predilection site of s. edentatus larva

A

colon mucosa
vena portae
liver
sub peritoneal haemorrhages

69
Q

clinical signs of strongylosis

A

unthriftness in foals
anaemia
colic
intermittent lameness

70
Q

faecal exam of stronglosis

A

no eggs

71
Q

necroscopy findings of s. vulgaris

A

in the trunk of the a. mesesnteric cranialis
inflammation of the arterial wall
formation of cauliflower like thrombus
colic
strangulation
ileus
aneurysms
abscesses
infact

72
Q

necroscopy findings of s. equinus

A

haemorrhagic tracts
rarely hepatits
pancreastits

73
Q

necroscopy findings of s. edenatus

A

liver and sub peritoneal haemorrhages
subserosa haematoma

74
Q

what cyathostominosis

A

small strongyles larva in mucosa of large intestine

75
Q

cause of cyathostominosis

A

large numbers of small strongyle larvae of cyathostomum spp in mucosa of the large intestine

76
Q

treatment of cyathostominosis

A

moxidectin
fenbendazole

77
Q

clinical signs of cyathostominosis

A

inapparent
rarely diarrhoea
colic
rapid weight loss

78
Q

faecal examination of cyathostominosis

A

no eggs

79
Q

necroscopy of cyathostominosis

A

catarrhal haemorrhagic enteritis
large number of brihgt red
L4, L5 in diarrhoeic faeces
L4 in mucosa

80
Q

another name for nodular worm disease

A

oesophogostomosis

81
Q

cause of oesophogostomosis

A

oesophagostomum denatum
oe. radiatum
oe. venulosum
oe. columbianum
oe. quadrispinulatum
charbertia ovina

82
Q

morphology of oesophagostomum

A

1-2.5cm in length
thin
white worms with tapered head
shallow buccal cavity
inflated cuticular cephalic vesicle at anterior end

83
Q

predilection site of oesophagostomum

A

caecum
colon
ileum in Ru

84
Q

life cycle of oesophagostomum

A

direct

85
Q

hosts of oe. denatum

A

pig
wild boar

86
Q

hosts of oe. quadrispinulatum

A

pig
wild boar

87
Q

hosts of oe. radiatum

A

cattle
buffalo
wild large ru

88
Q

hosts of oe. venulosum

A

sheep
goat
wild small and large ru

89
Q

hosts of oe. columbianum

A

sheep
goat

90
Q

clinical signs of oesophagostomum

A

not common
fever
inappetence
diarrhoea
anaemia
oedema
emaciation

91
Q

faecal exam of oesophagostomum

A

flotation

92
Q

eggs of oesophagostomum in pigs

A

eggs arent distuingishable

93
Q

eggs of oesophagostomum in ru

A

eggs not distinguishable from gi nematodes

94
Q

necroscopy of oesophagostomum in pig

A

necrotic diphtheroid or haemorrhagic enteritis

95
Q

necroscopy of oesophagostomum in ru

A

catarrhal colitis
oedema
anaemia
yellowish -green or up to 2cm sized brownish red purulent

96
Q

no nodules in which oesophagostomum

A

oe. venulosum

97
Q

cause of charbertiosis

A

charbertia ovina

98
Q

another name for charbertiosis

A

large mouthed bowel worm

99
Q

morphology of charbertiosis

A

large buccal capsule
strognyle type egg
direct life cycle
hypobiosis L4

Parasites (9 decks)

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